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foul

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verb

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Synonym Chooser

How does the adjective foul differ from other similar words?

Some common synonyms of foul are dirty, filthy, nasty, and squalid. While all these words mean "conspicuously unclean or impure," foul implies extreme offensiveness and an accumulation of what is rotten or stinking; it can also describe, for example, loathsome behavior.

a foul-smelling open sewer
a foul story of lust and greed

When can dirty be used instead of foul?

Although the words dirty and foul have much in common, dirty emphasizes the presence of dirt more than an emotional reaction to it or, figuratively, stresses meanness or despicableness.

a dirty littered street
don't ask me to do your dirty work

When could filthy be used to replace foul?

The meanings of filthy and foul largely overlap; however, filthy carries a strong suggestion of offensiveness and typically of gradually accumulated dirt that begrimes and besmears. Figuratively, it can also describe disgusting obscenity.

a stained greasy floor, utterly filthy
filthy street language

How is nasty related to other words for foul?

Nasty applies to what is actually foul or is repugnant to one expecting freshness, cleanliness, or sweetness; in practice, however, nasty is often weakened to the point of being no more than a synonym of unpleasant or disagreeable. When used figuratively, nasty implies a peculiarly offensive unpleasantness.

it's a nasty job to clean up after a sick cat
had a nasty fall
his answer gave her a nasty shock
a stand-up comedian known for nasty humor

When would squalid be a good substitute for foul?

In some situations, the words squalid and foul are roughly equivalent. However, squalid adds to the idea of dirtiness and filth that of slovenly neglect. Distinctively, its figurative use implies sordidness as well as baseness and dirtiness.

squalid slums
engaged in a series of squalid affairs

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of foul
Adjective
There’s also an odor neutralizer cartridge that can be placed into the vacuum’s brush roll and is designed to keep foul odors out of the air while cleaning. Yelena Moroz Alpert, Architectural Digest, 3 Sep. 2025 The dust of Ogunleye, the crooked end of the street, the large canal by my uncle’s shop, the small stream of water that flowed behind our house into the large canal at the other end of the street, the foul smell that overcame the street the first time, the getting used to, the boys. Literary Hub, 3 Sep. 2025
Verb
But just as Indiana was on the verge of cutting the lead to a single possession, Powers fouled Clark’s former Iowa teammate Kate Martin on a 3-pointer right in front of Indiana’s bench and the second-year guard swished the shot to erupt the Chase Center crowd. Nathan Canilao, Mercury News, 1 Sep. 2025 The Chicago Cubs lefty watched San Francisco Giants third baseman Matt Chapman foul off his previous pitch, a four-seam fastball up and well above the strike zone, and wanted to go back to the same spot. Meghan Montemurro, Chicago Tribune, 27 Aug. 2025 See All Example Sentences for foul
Recent Examples of Synonyms for foul
Adjective
  • That's up 16% from 512,000 savers who broke into seven digits on their 401(k) statements in the first quarter's turbulent market.
    Susan Tompor, USA Today, 10 Sep. 2025
  • The verdict was the final of three judgements against the powerful Shinawatra family, which has dominated Thailand’s turbulent and often violent political scene for more than 20 years.
    Helen Regan, CNN Money, 9 Sep. 2025
Adjective
  • Asking them to police a city is unfair — to them, and to the people they’re supposed to serve.
    Eric Chastain, Twin Cities, 7 Sep. 2025
  • There’s a dip after that — but this, of course, is a bit unfair as the players of this generation are continuing to pick up caps.
    Michael Cox, New York Times, 6 Sep. 2025
Adjective
  • And putting it on her fingers and in your babies mouth is disgusting.
    Ashley Vega, PEOPLE, 5 Sep. 2025
  • Because there are more aliens aboard the Maginot than just a Xenomorph, Hawley adds a few new wrinkles to the usual disgusting Alien progression of face-hugger to chest-burster.
    Noel Murray, Vulture, 3 Sep. 2025
Adjective
  • The couple quickly began receiving death threats and obscene phone calls.
    Johnny Dodd, PEOPLE, 6 Sep. 2025
  • Banners or signs may not be commercial in nature or obscene, or cause any disturbance to other fans.
    Ed Masley, AZCentral.com, 2 Sep. 2025
Adjective
  • This is about a team with a top-10 payroll whose GM committed too stinking much of it to dogs that can’t, or won’t, pull the sled.
    Sean Keeler, The Denver Post, 22 Dec. 2019
  • Muttaiah said the man inside the stinking manhole was working without any safety equipment — no gloves, no shoes, no supplemental oxygen.
    Joanna Slater, Washington Post, 16 Dec. 2019
Adjective
  • Away from a filthy Superdome and Convention Center where they had been holed up for days.
    Suzette Hackney, USA Today, 5 Sep. 2025
  • Alexander pulled out a baby-blue melodica to lay down a filthy ska rhythm for his band.
    Hannah Edgar, Chicago Tribune, 1 Sep. 2025
Verb
  • As more success suddenly comes his way, McKinstry has remained the same, friendly and chuckling at his locker, dirtying his jersey and pestering opponents on the field.
    Cody Stavenhagen, New York Times, 10 July 2025
  • Some were prosthetic buttocks, but others were people’s own buttocks, but in various states, like dirtied down and with partial covering.
    Alex Ritman, Variety, 1 July 2025
Verb
  • Other public speakers, like Tabitha Fader, said the reroute would cause irreparable harm if wetlands and rivers were polluted during pipeline construction or in the event of a spill.
    Laura Schulte, jsonline.com, 4 Sep. 2025
  • Industry, transportation, and creating electricity are polluting.
    Suwanna Gauntlett Upjohn, Forbes.com, 29 Aug. 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Foul.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/foul. Accessed 10 Sep. 2025.

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