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foul

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verb

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Synonym Chooser

How does the adjective foul differ from other similar words?

Some common synonyms of foul are dirty, filthy, nasty, and squalid. While all these words mean "conspicuously unclean or impure," foul implies extreme offensiveness and an accumulation of what is rotten or stinking; it can also describe, for example, loathsome behavior.

a foul-smelling open sewer
a foul story of lust and greed

When can dirty be used instead of foul?

Although the words dirty and foul have much in common, dirty emphasizes the presence of dirt more than an emotional reaction to it or, figuratively, stresses meanness or despicableness.

a dirty littered street
don't ask me to do your dirty work

When could filthy be used to replace foul?

The meanings of filthy and foul largely overlap; however, filthy carries a strong suggestion of offensiveness and typically of gradually accumulated dirt that begrimes and besmears. Figuratively, it can also describe disgusting obscenity.

a stained greasy floor, utterly filthy
filthy street language

How is nasty related to other words for foul?

Nasty applies to what is actually foul or is repugnant to one expecting freshness, cleanliness, or sweetness; in practice, however, nasty is often weakened to the point of being no more than a synonym of unpleasant or disagreeable. When used figuratively, nasty implies a peculiarly offensive unpleasantness.

it's a nasty job to clean up after a sick cat
had a nasty fall
his answer gave her a nasty shock
a stand-up comedian known for nasty humor

When would squalid be a good substitute for foul?

In some situations, the words squalid and foul are roughly equivalent. However, squalid adds to the idea of dirtiness and filth that of slovenly neglect. Distinctively, its figurative use implies sordidness as well as baseness and dirtiness.

squalid slums
engaged in a series of squalid affairs

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of foul
Adjective
Tatis got a run back right away, lining his fourth leadoff homer of the year and 13th homer overall inside the right field foul pole. Miami Herald, 28 May 2025 Left fielder Emilie Marquez made a running catch in foul territory. Don Norcross, San Diego Union-Tribune, 28 May 2025
Verb
But Brunson fouled Aaron Nesmith on the ensuing inbound, and Nesmith made both free throws. Peter Sblendorio, New York Daily News, 24 May 2025 Stott fouled off five full-count pitches, all 95.3-95.8 mph fastballs. David O'Brien, New York Times, 28 May 2025 See All Example Sentences for foul
Recent Examples of Synonyms for foul
Adjective
  • The capsizing was believed to have been caused by turbulent waters from heavy recent rains.
    Democrat-Gazette Staff From Wire Reports, Arkansas Online, 13 June 2025
  • The spike in geomagnetic activity is driven primarily by a co-rotating interaction region (CIR) — a turbulent region in the solar wind in which fast-moving streams collide with slower wind ahead of them.
    Daisy Dobrijevic, Space.com, 12 June 2025
Adjective
  • Yes, deploying them can help U.S. manufacturers compete against the unfair, subsidized trade practices of other countries.
    Ethan Karp, Forbes.com, 10 June 2025
  • Many prominent advocates for excluding transgender girls from sports praised Dhillon’s actions last week as a bold move to protect cisgender girls from unfair competition.
    Kevin Rector, Los Angeles Times, 9 June 2025
Adjective
  • Conrad wraps the conversation by being incredibly disgusting about Bella’s nether regions.
    Kimberly Roots, TVLine, 1 June 2025
  • For the next 200 years, snails only appeared in Parisian cookbooks alongside an apology for including such a disgusting ingredient.
    Garritt C. Van Dyk, Smithsonian Magazine, 29 May 2025
Adjective
  • The obscene cost of healthcare has pushed manufacturers offshore and kept wages stagnant for decades.
    Ro Khanna, Twin Cities, 12 June 2025
  • In Tacoma, 35 miles to the south, Ted Bundy grew up near the American Smelting and Refining Co., which disgorged obscene levels of lead and arsenic into the air while netting millions for the Guggenheim dynasty before its 1986 closure.
    Hamilton Cain, Los Angeles Times, 5 June 2025
Adjective
  • This is about a team with a top-10 payroll whose GM committed too stinking much of it to dogs that can’t, or won’t, pull the sled.
    Sean Keeler, The Denver Post, 22 Dec. 2019
  • Muttaiah said the man inside the stinking manhole was working without any safety equipment — no gloves, no shoes, no supplemental oxygen.
    Joanna Slater, Washington Post, 16 Dec. 2019
Adjective
  • The law specifically spells out heating problems, pest infestations and filthy conditions as among the issues that could require a court’s intervention.
    Seth Klamann, Denver Post, 30 May 2025
  • Detectives have criminally charged the owner of nearly 50 Belgian Malinois dogs that were found trapped together in a cramped, filthy Queens apartment, police said Wednesday.
    Thomas Tracy, New York Daily News, 14 May 2025
Verb
  • And for nights when you can't be bothered to dirty a million dishes just to get dinner on the table, there's an air fryer from Ninja.
    Sarah Felbin, SELF, 23 May 2025
  • Crème Brûlée Steve Granitz Crème brûlée is like butter blonde, but dirtied up a bit for a browned, warm tint.
    Audrey Noble, Vogue, 2 May 2025
Verb
  • These efforts play a valuable role in addressing the plastic already polluting our oceans.
    Rob Kaplan, Forbes.com, 6 June 2025
  • Runoff from roads, factories, and dumping grounds can also pollute water sources used for crops.
    Jasmine Laws, MSNBC Newsweek, 4 June 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Foul.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/foul. Accessed 18 Jun. 2025.

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