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Synonym Chooser

How does the adjective willful differ from other similar words?

Some common synonyms of willful are headstrong, intractable, recalcitrant, refractory, ungovernable, and unruly. While all these words mean "not submissive to government or control," willful implies an obstinate determination to have one's own way.

a willful disregard for the rights of others

When can headstrong be used instead of willful?

Although the words headstrong and willful have much in common, headstrong suggests self-will impatient of restraint, advice, or suggestion.

a headstrong young cavalry officer

When would intractable be a good substitute for willful?

The words intractable and willful are synonyms, but do differ in nuance. Specifically, intractable suggests stubborn resistance to guidance or control.

intractable opponents of the hazardous-waste dump

When is recalcitrant a more appropriate choice than willful?

While in some cases nearly identical to willful, recalcitrant suggests determined resistance to or defiance of authority.

acts of sabotage by a recalcitrant populace

Where would refractory be a reasonable alternative to willful?

While the synonyms refractory and willful are close in meaning, refractory stresses resistance to attempts to manage or to mold.

special schools for refractory children

When is it sensible to use ungovernable instead of willful?

The synonyms ungovernable and willful are sometimes interchangeable, but ungovernable implies either an escape from control or guidance or a state of being unsubdued and incapable of controlling oneself or being controlled by others.

ungovernable rage

When might unruly be a better fit than willful?

In some situations, the words unruly and willful are roughly equivalent. However, unruly implies lack of discipline or incapacity for discipline and often connotes waywardness or turbulence of behavior.

unruly children

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of willful Plaintiffs also can seek punitive damages if malice, fraud, knowledge or willful avoidance can be proven. Ted Johnson, Deadline, 9 Apr. 2025 The willful reluctance of Western policymakers to recognize the importance of cognitive warfare carries the risk of irreversible losses in power and influence worldwide, the key factors that determine strategic outcomes in global competition. Michael Miklaucic, Twin Cities, 5 Apr. 2025 Staffing cuts to agencies like the Environmental Protection Agency are a willful cruelty one former leader of the agency hasn’t seen in her lifetime. Maya Wilkins, Chicago Tribune, 16 Mar. 2025 Teixeira had also pleaded guilty last March to six counts of willful retention and transmission of classified information following his posting of more than 100 classified documents covering topics including Ukraine and intelligence gathered via spying on allies. Tara Suter, The Hill, 13 Mar. 2025 See All Example Sentences for willful
Recent Examples of Synonyms for willful
Adjective
  • Lesser powers that find themselves under the dominion of a great power against their wishes can be resentful and rebellious.
    Margaret MacMillan, The Atlantic, 30 Apr. 2025
  • In 1978, an ambitious and rebellious young woman, Marina Bulgari, decamped from her family business to branch out with her own jewelry brand.
    Roxanne Robinson, Forbes.com, 24 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • At least, as much as possible in an inherently uncontrollable industry.
    Lizz Schumer, People.com, 24 Apr. 2025
  • The sloppy security breaches, the embarrassing headlines, the uncontrollable infighting and undermining, the lack of accountability — this all belongs to Hegseth.
    S.E. Cupp, New York Daily News, 23 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • That doesn’t portray a hero, but rather someone so arrogant as to invent his own law and appoint himself its executioner.
    Sun Sentinel Editorial Board, Sun Sentinel, 11 Apr. 2025
  • Fed Up in Illinois Dear Fed Up: Is Edie mean, arrogant, disobedient and rude in the presence of her parents, or has she been invited to spend time with your girls separately?
    Abigail Van Buren, Boston Herald, 5 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Not an add-on department, but a deliberate disruption team.
    Abigail Stuart, Forbes.com, 30 Apr. 2025
  • Such a method is needed in order to understand African Americans’ deliberate retooling of British literature, drawing attention to the systemic social forces at play as well as the minute mechanisms of textual appropriation.
    Abby Clayton, JSTOR Daily, 29 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Why Communication Training Often Fails To Stick Some people are very stubborn and stick to their communication style, even when confronted.
    Dr. Diane Hamilton, Forbes.com, 23 Apr. 2025
  • Traders do see the Fed cutting in June, but much can change between now and then, and a stubborn central bank could set off Trump again.
    Jeff Cox, CNBC, 23 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Hegseth, a veteran and former Fox News host, was defiant in remarks to reporters earlier Monday.
    Brett Samuels, The Hill, 21 Apr. 2025
  • But when asked about the lack of norms and decorum in the current political climate and whether Democrats need to play on the same level, Himes was defiant.
    Lisa Hagen, Hartford Courant, 19 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Fan reactions in the comments were as opinionated as they were divided.
    David Faris, Newsweek, 27 Feb. 2025
  • Media Bias/Fact Check also says that the blending of news with opinionated commentary on Fox News may blur the lines between factual reporting and partisan viewpoints.
    Ross Rosenfeld, Newsweek, 26 Feb. 2025
Adjective
  • Most times, these changes are a result of the over-analysis of some arbitrary KPIs meant to gauge the health and growth of the platform.
    Solo Ceesay, Rolling Stone, 22 Apr. 2025
  • The plaintiffs had argued that the geographic targeting order was unlawfully issued without undergoing the notice-and-comment procedures prescribed by federal law and that the rule is arbitrary and capricious under federal law.
    Alex Riggins, San Diego Union-Tribune, 22 Apr. 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Willful.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/willful. Accessed 3 May. 2025.

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