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dirty

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verb

dirty

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adverb

Synonym Chooser

How does the adjective dirty differ from other similar words?

Some common synonyms of dirty are filthy, foul, nasty, and squalid. While all these words mean "conspicuously unclean or impure," dirty emphasizes the presence of dirt more than an emotional reaction to it or, figuratively, stresses meanness or despicableness.

a dirty littered street
don't ask me to do your dirty work

When is it sensible to use filthy instead of dirty?

The words filthy and dirty are synonyms, but do differ in nuance. Specifically, filthy carries a strong suggestion of offensiveness and typically of gradually accumulated dirt that begrimes and besmears. Figuratively, it can also describe disgusting obscenity.

a stained greasy floor, utterly filthy
filthy street language

When could foul be used to replace dirty?

The meanings of foul and dirty largely overlap; however, foul implies extreme offensiveness and an accumulation of what is rotten or stinking; it can also describe, for example, loathsome behavior.

a foul-smelling open sewer
a foul story of lust and greed

How does the word nasty relate to other synonyms for dirty?

Nasty applies to what is actually foul or is repugnant to one expecting freshness, cleanliness, or sweetness; in practice, however, nasty is often weakened to the point of being no more than a synonym of unpleasant or disagreeable. When used figuratively, nasty implies a peculiarly offensive unpleasantness.

it's a nasty job to clean up after a sick cat
had a nasty fall
his answer gave her a nasty shock
a stand-up comedian known for nasty humor

Where would squalid be a reasonable alternative to dirty?

While the synonyms squalid and dirty are close in meaning, squalid adds to the idea of dirtiness and filth that of slovenly neglect. Distinctively, its figurative use implies sordidness as well as baseness and dirtiness.

squalid slums
engaged in a series of squalid affairs

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of dirty
Adjective
For tech companies struggling to secure reliable energy supplies to power and train AI, a clampdown on renewables could create power bottlenecks, drive up costs, and push operators towards dirtier energy, experts said. ArsTechnica, 6 May 2025 The city was bankrupt, dirty, and dangerous but also teeming with artistic voices. Air Mail, 3 May 2025
Verb
For example, a small non-shedding dog that rarely goes outside won't dirty a bed nearly as fast as a large labarador that plays outside daily. Halee Miller Van Ryswyk, Better Homes & Gardens, 7 Apr. 2025 Grease dirtied the handles of the ovens, the microwave ovens and the coolers. David J. Neal, Miami Herald, 14 Feb. 2025
Adverb
The campaign gained intensity when photos circulated on the Internet of Ya Ya looking dirty and gaunt (by panda standards) with patchy fur. Ashraf Khalil and Didi Tang, The Christian Science Monitor, 3 Oct. 2023 During the Cold War, Washington routinely played dirty to protect the liberal order. Victor Cha, Foreign Affairs, 14 Dec. 2022 See All Example Sentences for dirty
Recent Examples of Synonyms for dirty
Adjective
  • At least 12 outside experts submitted testimony in what’s called the Dunsmore case, finding that San Diego jails are filthy and that workers regularly fail to follow best practices or department policies.
    Jeff McDonald, San Diego Union-Tribune, 9 May 2025
  • So The Righteous Gemstones went with the sentimental ending — or at least what counts for a sentimental ending in a series so committed to the filthiest possible turns of phrase.
    Scott Tobias, Vulture, 5 May 2025
Adjective
  • The investigation began when detectives with the Sheriff’s Office Special Victims Unit served a search warrant in Bakersfield based on a tip about a person who was in possession and used obscene material involving an underage girl, authorities announced in a news release on Tuesday.
    Nathan Solis, Los Angeles Times, 6 May 2025
  • With his plea, a federal indictment relating to transfer of obscene material to a minor would not be pursued.
    Nick Ferraro, Twin Cities, 5 May 2025
Adjective
  • The film spans two decades of a country in profound transformation with a new perspective into contemporary China and individual experience amid turbulent change.
    Jill Goldsmith, Deadline, 9 May 2025
  • The stakes are high, as the visits take place amid turbulent geopolitical tensions.
    Natasha Turak, CNBC, 9 May 2025
Adjective
  • Ketel Marte hit a solo home run around the right-field foul pole.
    Jack Harris, Los Angeles Times, 10 May 2025
  • Four pitches into the game, Willy Adames crushed a hanging 1-2 slider for what appeared to be a solo home run, only for the call to be overturned by replay, the ball swerving just left of the foul pole.
    Dan Hayes, New York Times, 10 May 2025
Adjective
  • The apps have a nasty trick that fools users into the initial download, and once on a phone, the damage is done.
    Zak Doffman, Forbes.com, 9 May 2025
  • He’s been the spirit of the Panthers’ skillfully nasty style the previous two springs.
    Dave Hyde, Sun Sentinel, 8 May 2025
Adjective
  • Tesla troubles: Amid tough year, Tesla releases a new, cheaper version of the Model Y Is the 2025 Tesla Model Y a good SUV to get?
    Charles Singh, USA Today, 10 May 2025
  • Residents near her office at Alhambra Boulevard and Q Street compete to get cheaper parking that doesn’t charge at an hourly rate.
    Ishani Desai, Sacbee.com, 9 May 2025
Verb
  • Water can stain or fade many silk fabrics, leaving a permanent mark if it isn't taken care of quickly.
    Brandee Gruener, Southern Living, 10 May 2025
  • Tuesday’s attack – during which men were singled out and gunned down from close range, according to survivors’ testimony – was the latest in a list of bloody incidents to stain the region.
    Aishwarya S Iyer, CNN Money, 26 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Although a typical shareholder meeting is a dusty, staid affair, the Berkshire Hathaway annual shareholders meeting is entirely different.
    Auzinea Bacon, CNN Money, 3 May 2025
  • Stuck in the grip of an exceptional drought, the city of El Paso, Texas, is facing dusty conditions not seen in nearly 90 years.
    Ian Randall, MSNBC Newsweek, 1 May 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Dirty.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/dirty. Accessed 17 May. 2025.

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