sham 1 of 3

1
2
3

sham

2 of 3

noun

sham

3 of 3

verb

Synonym Chooser

How is the word sham different from other nouns like it?

Some common synonyms of sham are counterfeit, fake, fraud, humbug, and imposture. While all these words mean "a thing made to seem other than it is," sham applies to fraudulent imitation of a real thing or action.

condemned the election as a sham

Where would counterfeit be a reasonable alternative to sham?

In some situations, the words counterfeit and sham are roughly equivalent. However, counterfeit applies especially to the close imitation of something valuable.

20-dollar bills that were counterfeits

When could fake be used to replace sham?

The meanings of fake and sham largely overlap; however, fake implies an imitation of or substitution for the genuine but does not necessarily imply dishonesty.

these jewels are fakes; the real ones are in the vault

In what contexts can fraud take the place of sham?

While the synonyms fraud and sham are close in meaning, fraud usually implies a deliberate perversion of the truth.

the diary was exposed as a fraud

When is it sensible to use humbug instead of sham?

Although the words humbug and sham have much in common, humbug suggests elaborate pretense usually so flagrant as to be transparent.

creating publicity by foisting humbugs on a gullible public

When might imposture be a better fit than sham?

The words imposture and sham can be used in similar contexts, but imposture applies to any situation in which a spurious object or performance is passed off as genuine.

their claim of environmental concern is an imposture

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of sham
Adjective
Prosecutors said restaurant owners and others bribed Feeding Our Future employees to get the organization to sponsor sham distribution sites. Thao Nguyen, USA TODAY, 20 Mar. 2025 Up until days ago, the ICRC had been the only lifeline for these political prisoners, whose sham trial began two months ago. Mark Davis, Newsweek, 14 Mar. 2025
Noun
The sunny set includes a quilt in twin/twin XL, full/queen, and king sizes and matching shams to create a cohesive look in your space. Megan Schaltegger, Better Homes & Gardens, 12 Apr. 2025 Items like duvet covers and pillowcases and shams fall under this limited-time discount event. Bailey Berg, Architectural Digest, 14 Jan. 2025 See All Example Sentences for sham
Recent Examples of Synonyms for sham
Adjective
  • Push your chairs and couches together to create a faux sectional look.
    Claire Hoppe Norgaard, Better Homes & Gardens, 28 Apr. 2025
  • And while both traditional and faux leather-making processes involve chemicals, PVC can release pollutants and toxic chemicals.
    Gia Yetikyel, Vogue, 26 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Also known as package confusion, this form of attack was first demonstrated in 2021 in a proof-of-concept exploit that executed counterfeit code on networks belonging to some of the biggest companies on the planet, Apple, Microsoft, and Tesla included.
    Dan Goodin, ArsTechnica, 29 Apr. 2025
  • During the search, investigators also found counterfeit federal documents belonging to Guerra's boyfriend, who shares two children with the woman.
    Nicole Acosta, People.com, 24 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Some mock drafts had the Steelers taking a running back like Omarion Hampton in the first round.
    Tom Rogers, MSNBC Newsweek, 30 Apr. 2025
  • Lucky for us, Michael Middlehurst-Schwartz dives right into that dicey proposition with his very, very early look at the players who could be prominent figures in mock drafts to come.
    Jim Reineking, USA Today, 29 Apr. 2025
Noun
  • Bowen Yang is opening up after Aimee Lou Wood criticized Saturday Night Live's parody of her.
    Charlotte Phillipp, People.com, 21 Apr. 2025
  • After the clip went viral, social media exploded with memes, parodies, and backlash.
    Taylor Ardrey, USA Today, 18 Apr. 2025
Noun
  • They are aimed at gaining control over institutions likely to push back against Trump’s agenda by citing inconvenient truths: Climate change is no hoax, vaccines save millions of lives and sweeping tariffs amount to a huge tax hike on American consumers and businesses.
    Orlando Sentinel and Chicago Tribune editorial boards, The Orlando Sentinel, 22 Apr. 2025
  • Joshua Lowe was sentenced to eight months in prison after pleading guilty to false information and hoaxes, according to court records.
    Jennifer Rodriguez, Miami Herald, 15 Apr. 2025
Noun
  • The man who brought up the accusation of welfare fraud, who admitted to working for Alite's former boss John Gotti Jr., left the room, leaving a packet of handouts on a seat on his way out.
    Olivia Liu, USA Today, 23 Apr. 2025
  • As the Trump administration's cost-cutting initiative, DOGE has slashed tens of thousands of federal jobs in the name of reducing fraud, waste and abuse.
    Aimee Picchi, CBS News, 22 Apr. 2025
Verb
  • After watching a movie with Stoddart, the teenage boys pretended to leave, only to sneak back into the house through the basement shortly after.
    Jordana Comiter, People.com, 28 Apr. 2025
  • On Friday night, during rounds two and three of the draft, Sanders received a call from someone pretending to be New Orleans Saints general manager Mickey Loomis.
    Joseph Wilkinson, New York Daily News, 28 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • With digital platforms flooded with bots and fake numbers, Kerns built his following and client base by offering true engagement, authority, and working systems.
    Rhiannon Frater, USA Today, 1 May 2025
  • Swatting is when a 911 call is made, usually to report a fake violent crime, to get police and sometimes even SWAT teams, to respond to the address given by the caller.
    Jackson Thompson, FOXNews.com, 30 Apr. 2025

Browse Nearby Words

Cite this Entry

“Sham.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/sham. Accessed 4 May. 2025.

More from Merriam-Webster on sham

Last Updated: - Updated example sentences
Love words? Need even more definitions?

Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free!