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Synonym Chooser

How is the word vain distinct from other similar adjectives?

Some common synonyms of vain are empty, hollow, idle, nugatory, and otiose. While all these words mean "being without worth or significance," vain implies either absolute or relative absence of value.

vain promises

How are the words empty and hollow related as synonyms of vain?

Both empty and hollow suggest a deceiving lack of real substance or soundness or genuineness.

an empty attempt at reconciliation
a hollow victory

When is it sensible to use idle instead of vain?

The synonyms idle and vain are sometimes interchangeable, but idle suggests being incapable of worthwhile use or effect.

idle speculations

When would nugatory be a good substitute for vain?

In some situations, the words nugatory and vain are roughly equivalent. However, nugatory suggests triviality or insignificance.

a monarch with nugatory powers

In what contexts can otiose take the place of vain?

The words otiose and vain can be used in similar contexts, but otiose suggests that something serves no purpose and is either an encumbrance or a superfluity.

a film without a single otiose scene

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of vain Arena, like the adjacent club called Circus, was established by a couple of gay and Latino entrepreneurs as open-to-everyone party spaces — a radical departure during an era when discos were defined more by the vulgar discrimination of velvet ropes and vain bouncers policing entry. Christopher Knight, Los Angeles Times, 4 June 2025 Trying in vain to predict where and when tariffs will hit is a losing game. Edmund Zagorin, Forbes.com, 27 May 2025 While the issue was addressed before in vain, Macron hinted that it could be considered this time around. Elsa Keslassy, Variety, 23 May 2025 Her very intimate use of the camera added by a relentless patience gives the film a meditational feeling that ultimately works beyond mere and vain life philosophy. Matthew Carey, Deadline, 9 May 2025 See All Example Sentences for vain
Recent Examples of Synonyms for vain
Adjective
  • The smug and sanctimonious tenor of their briefing makes that plain.
    Christie D’Zurilla, Los Angeles Times, 18 June 2025
  • In a comedic twist, the Labrador retriever was filmed turning back to his owner during the drive, with a smug look on his face as if to boast about his comfortable spot.
    Melissa Fleur Afshar, MSNBC Newsweek, 11 June 2025
Adjective
  • The researchers said their findings should not suggest afforestation and carbon offsetting are futile.
    Hayley Smith, Los Angeles Times, 19 June 2025
  • And beneath that fear lies a corrosive belief that resistance is futile.
    Elisa Manfredini, Time, 14 June 2025
Adjective
  • Another’s insurer paid close to $1 million in a single year for worthless care.
    Teri Sforza, Oc Register, 14 May 2025
  • And the further fragmentation of the media landscape doesn’t mean that prime time has suddenly turned into worthless real estate.
    Jon Allsop, New Yorker, 9 May 2025
Adjective
  • But while Boyle is proud of his influence on the zombie film landscape, he’s mostly abstained from watching any of those movies himself.
    Jake Kleinman, Wired News, 20 June 2025
  • By agreeing on the eventual package of £116m, Hughes and Rolfes were able to shake hands and both feel proud of the outcome.
    Gregg Evans, New York Times, 20 June 2025
Adjective
  • Barca even took a legal case against the regulations to a Catalan court but were unsuccessful.
    Dermot Corrigan, New York Times, 19 June 2025
  • The family's attempts to halt Oliva's deportation were unsuccessful.
    Billal Rahman, MSNBC Newsweek, 18 June 2025
Adjective
  • The notion Tehran was sprinting toward a nuclear bomb is an empty talking point.
    Newsweek Staff, MSNBC Newsweek, 25 June 2025
  • Twelve refill capsules are also included, as well as a prepaid shipping box to send the empty ones back.
    Matthew Korfhage, Wired News, 25 June 2025
Adjective
  • The protests proved conclusively that Americans will not tolerate the deployment of the U.S. military in American cities, the constant line-stepping over constitutional boundaries, the arrests of political dissenters, or the arrogant defense of police-state tactics.
    Newsweek Staff, MSNBC Newsweek, 18 June 2025
  • In Aesop’s fable, the turtle (traditionally called a tortoise, which is a type of turtle) is a winner, a perpetual underdog who defeats the arrogant hare.
    A.O. Scott, New York Times, 13 June 2025
Adjective
  • However, disciplined conduct on the part of the activists and the intervention of other bystanders renders the attacks useless.
    Khaleda Rahman, MSNBC Newsweek, 16 June 2025
  • Pine needles mixed with all the other fine debris rendered the guards useless.
    Tim Carter, Hartford Courant, 14 June 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Vain.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/vain. Accessed 28 Jun. 2025.

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