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Synonym Chooser

How is the word vain distinct from other similar adjectives?

Some common synonyms of vain are empty, hollow, idle, nugatory, and otiose. While all these words mean "being without worth or significance," vain implies either absolute or relative absence of value.

vain promises

How are the words empty and hollow related as synonyms of vain?

Both empty and hollow suggest a deceiving lack of real substance or soundness or genuineness.

an empty attempt at reconciliation
a hollow victory

When is it sensible to use idle instead of vain?

The synonyms idle and vain are sometimes interchangeable, but idle suggests being incapable of worthwhile use or effect.

idle speculations

When would nugatory be a good substitute for vain?

In some situations, the words nugatory and vain are roughly equivalent. However, nugatory suggests triviality or insignificance.

a monarch with nugatory powers

In what contexts can otiose take the place of vain?

The words otiose and vain can be used in similar contexts, but otiose suggests that something serves no purpose and is either an encumbrance or a superfluity.

a film without a single otiose scene

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of vain And even if the door slams shut and the Rays actually do end up staying in Tampa Bay, the Dreamers’ effort wasn’t in vain. Mike Bianchi, The Orlando Sentinel, 15 July 2025 And James Waterston emits vain insincerity as Lloyd, the play’s womanizing director with a god complex. Pam Kragen, San Diego Union-Tribune, 12 July 2025 After Davenport’s departure, other Dohn administrators tried in vain to clean up the 24-year-old school's financial mess and support its roughly 1,600 students, a community without many options. Quinlan Bentley, The Enquirer, 2 July 2025 Some waved flags, some rode on shoulders and, over the noise, dozens tried in vain to call back home where the sun was just rising. Jordan Campbell, New York Times, 8 July 2025 See All Example Sentences for vain
Recent Examples of Synonyms for vain
Adjective
  • Bertha was right, George is being a jerk, and Larry needs to wipe that smug smile off his face.
    Kathryn VanArendonk, Vulture, 11 Aug. 2025
  • And no scripture condones the smug enjoyment of it.
    Hannah Sacks, People.com, 30 July 2025
Adjective
  • Attempts by deputies and paramedics to revive him were futile, and he was pronounced dead at 4:40 p.m.
    Kelly Davis, San Diego Union-Tribune, 5 Aug. 2025
  • Mexico later crashed out in the group stage, proving that hope is futile, but Ochoa’s class is timeless.
    The Athletic UK Staff, New York Times, 23 July 2025
Adjective
  • Greenwashing is controversial, with clubs sometimes hiding behind worthless carbon credits or offsetting emissions to make claims of climate leadership rather than seeking ways to actually reduce their emissions.
    Matt Woosnam, New York Times, 12 Aug. 2025
  • Anything less than a total social reckoning—a complete psychological makeover of white America—was worthless.
    Louis Menand, New Yorker, 11 Aug. 2025
Adjective
  • The judge relented in the face of his daughter’s determination, perhaps more than a little proud of her patriotic pluck.
    Literary Hub, Literary Hub, 7 Aug. 2025
  • One of my proudest accomplishments has been collaborating with higher education institutions, nonprofit organizations and global employers to design talent creation initiatives that not only fill jobs but also build careers.
    Jay Garcia, Forbes.com, 7 Aug. 2025
Adjective
  • Neighbors attempted to rescue her but were unsuccessful, the sheriff’s office said.
    Nour Rahal, Freep.com, 5 Aug. 2025
  • Joe Raedle/Getty Images Loomer was unsuccessful in two separate congressional campaigns in Florida: one in 2020 and another in 2022.
    Nick Mordowanec, MSNBC Newsweek, 4 Aug. 2025
Adjective
  • Though cynics might be quick to dismiss the president’s words as empty political rhetoric, some industry leaders are applauding President Trump’s openness in publicly addressing rescheduling.
    Iris Dorbian, Forbes.com, 12 Aug. 2025
  • The day after the crash, the FWC investigators found a stash of empty booze bottles and cans on the boat.
    Grethel Aguila, Miami Herald, 12 Aug. 2025
Adjective
  • Depicting Americans as arrogant, loud, boorish and demeaning of other cultures, the term has stuck and is still mentioned 60-plus years later.
    Jenny Peters, Oc Register, 4 Aug. 2025
  • The most radical overhaul of the tax code in our state’s history would require voter approval in November 2026, and that starts by portraying local governments as cartoonishly arrogant, bloated and unaccountable.
    Orlando Sentinel, The Orlando Sentinel, 26 July 2025
Adjective
  • The deals typically provide revenue for the host community while enabling the solar industry to cover essentially useless land with solar panels rather than taking out-of-service farmland, open fields or similar space.
    Don Stacom, Hartford Courant, 5 Aug. 2025
  • Infrastructure is useless without operators who can manage it.
    Expert Panel®, Forbes.com, 5 Aug. 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Vain.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/vain. Accessed 19 Aug. 2025.

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