base

1 of 4

noun

plural bases ˈbā-səz How to pronounce base (audio)
1
a
: the bottom of something considered as its support : foundation
the base of the mountain
the lamp's heavy base
b
biology : that part of a bodily organ by which it is attached to another more central structure of the organism
the base of the thumb
c architecture
(1)
: the lower part of a wall, pier, or column considered as a separate architectural feature
(2)
: the lower part of a complete architectural design (as of a monument)
d mathematics
(1)
: a side or face (see face entry 1 sense 5a(5)) of a geometrical figure from which an altitude (see altitude sense 1c(1)) can be constructed
especially : a side or face on which the figure stands
the base of a triangle
(2)
: the length of a base
determining the triangle's base
2
a
: a main ingredient
paint having a latex base
b
: a supporting or carrying ingredient (as of a medicine)
c
: a first or bottom layer of something on which other elements are added
Overnight, Utah's famous snow has freshly blanketed both runs, adding to a solid base of three feet …Abby Carroll
3
a
: the fundamental part of something : groundwork, basis
the book's theoretical base
her broad base of knowledge
b
: something (as a group of people) that reliably provides support (such as for a business or political candidate)
usually singular
efforts to expand their customer base
the band's fan base
But I do believe that that's a very sore point with many Democrats and could be used to energize their base.John McCain
c
Marxism : the economic factors on which all legal, social, and political relations are formed
4
a
: the starting point or line for an action or undertaking
plans to make this city his base of operationJ. A. Loftus
b
c
: a center or area of operations
The company has its base in London.
: such as
(1)
: a permanent military installation
a naval base
The troops were ordered back to base.
(2)
: the place from which a military force draws supplies
(3)
: a place where military operations begin
d
linguistics : root sense 6
"Leave" is the base of the verb "left."
e mathematics
(1)
: a number (such as 5 in 56.44 or 57) that is raised to a power (see power entry 1 sense 5a)
especially : the number that when raised to a power equal to the logarithm of a number yields the number itself
The logarithm of 100 to the base 10 is 2 since 102 = 100.
(2)
: a number equal to the number of units in a given digit's place (see place entry 1 sense 8) that for a given system of writing numbers is required to give the numeral 1 in the next higher place
The decimal system uses a base of 10.
also : such a system of writing numbers using an indicated base
Convert from base 10 to base 2.
(3)
: a number that is multiplied by a rate or of which a percentage or fraction is calculated
To find the interest on $90 at 10 percent multiply the base 90 by .10.
5
a
: any one of the four stations at the corners of a baseball or softball infield
allowing the batter to reach base
b
in various games : the starting place or goal
c
: a point to be considered
His opening remarks touched every base.
6
chemistry
a
: any of various typically water-soluble and bitter tasting compounds that in solution have a pH greater than 7, are capable of reacting with an acid to form a salt, and are molecules or ions able to take up a proton from an acid or able to give up an unshared pair of electrons to an acid
b
: any of the five purine or pyrimidine bases of DNA and RNA that include cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine, and uracil
7
finance : a price level at which a security (see security sense 3) previously declining in price resists further decline
8
heraldry : the lower part of a heraldic field (see field entry 1 sense 3c)
9
linguistics : the part of a transformational grammar that consists of rules and a lexicon and generates the deep structures of a language
10
: an electrode that modulates the current flowing through a bipolar junction transistor according to the voltage applied to the electrode
This gate, which is called a grid in a tube and a base in a transistor, enables a small "controlling" voltage to turn on and off a much larger voltage between the cathode and the anode.Thom Hartmann
compare gate entry 1 sense 5b
baseless adjective

Illustration of base

Illustration of base
  • 1 upper torus
  • 2 scotia
  • 3 lower torus
  • 4 plinth
  • 5 shaft
  • 6 fillets

base

2 of 4

verb

based; basing

transitive verb

1
: to find a foundation or basis for : to find a base (see base entry 1 sense 3a) for
usually used with on or upon
base an opinion on faulty information
a story based upon real-life events
2
: to make, form, or serve as a base for
… great roots based the tree columns …George Macdonald
the company is based in London
clients who are based out of their homes

base

3 of 4

adjective (1)

1
a
: lacking or indicating the lack of higher qualities of mind or spirit : ignoble
seemed a base betrayal of idealismL. M. Sears
appealing to a person's baser instincts
b
: lacking higher values : degrading
a drab base way of life
2
a
: being of comparatively low value and having relatively inferior properties (such as lack of resistance to corrosion)
a base metal such as iron
compare noble entry 1
b
: containing a larger than usual proportion of base metals
base silver denarii
3
feudalism
a
: resembling a villein : servile
a base tenant
b
: held by villenage
base tenure
4
archaic : of little height
… the cedar stoops not to the base shrub's foot …Shakespeare
5
archaic : baseborn
base in kind and born to be a slave.William Cowper
6
obsolete : low in place or position
… fall to the base earth from the firmament!Shakespeare
7
obsolete : bass
basely adverb
baseness noun

base

4 of 4

adjective (2)

1
: constituting or serving as a base
This situation is frequently encountered by seaplane pilots in northern Canada who must fly over lakes and tundra to a base camp located on a river.Alan Lopez
2
: of the simplest or most basic design or form : having the form of something before upgrades or customization
This GTO's 350-hp, 5.7-liter V8 is the same that's used in the base Corvette, and it produces the power and throaty exhaust sound of a classic muscle car.Consumer Reports
Phrases
cover all the bases or less commonly cover every base or have (all) one's bases covered
: to do or include everything that needs to be done or included : to fulfill all requirements or necessities
The well rounded menu covers all the bases—pork or duck breast and always a grilled chicken with complementary sauces and relishes …Caroline Bates
In other words, we need to cover every base. Too often, something is remembered at the last minute and we find ourselves waiting for the stores to open on sale day so we can purchase a much-needed item.Sue Story
In your e-mail, let the company know that, for their convenience, you're e-mailing the resume and letter, but that the original documents will arrive by postal service. This way you've got all your bases covered.Peter Post
off base
1
: wrong, mistaken
Estimates were way off base.
2
: unawares
caught off base by the charges
touch all the bases or less commonly touch every base
1
: to mention every subject that needs to be considered
a speech that touches all the bases
2
: to do or include everything that needs to be done or included : to fulfill all requirements or necessities
need to touch all the bases when applying for a mortgage
The owner of the Utah Stars is in Salt Lake City, working 24 hours a day in an effort to touch every base to keep his club in Utah's capital city.Dan Pattison
Choose the Right Synonym for base

base, low, vile mean deserving of contempt because of the absence of higher values.

base stresses the ignoble and may suggest cruelty, treachery, greed, or grossness.

base motives

low may connote crafty cunning, vulgarity, or immorality and regularly implies an outraging of one's sense of decency or propriety.

refused to listen to such low talk

vile, the strongest of these words, tends to suggest disgusting depravity or filth.

a vile remark

Examples of base in a Sentence

Noun their base obedience to every unprincipled action ordered by their leader the army's base of attack was kept top secret until the battle began Verb They are going to base their new company in Seattle. The company has based itself in London. Our tour group based itself in a hotel in the heart of the city. Adjective (1) Iron is a base metal. a base and sneaky act that is a clear violation of international law
Recent Examples on the Web
Noun
Canal+ has also increased its subscriber base to 900,000 new subs, both in France and abroad in 2023. Elsa Keslassy, Variety, 8 Mar. 2024 That will be an expansion of Meta House's longtime base at 2625 N. Weil St., which will move to the Piggsville site. Tom Daykin, Journal Sentinel, 7 Mar. 2024 At age 50, with a robust fundraising base and national following, Porter still has a potentially bright political future. Mark Z. Barabak, Los Angeles Times, 7 Mar. 2024 Specialized Financial Services: Engaging in niche areas such as forensic accounting, environmental accounting, international taxation, and information technology consulting, catering to the specific needs of a varied client base. Bryce Welker, Miami Herald, 7 Mar. 2024 The solid wood frame gives it a sturdy base, while the simple yet elevated design will enhance any room. Megan Schaltegger, Peoplemag, 7 Mar. 2024 Their posts must be installed into the ground or bolted into a cement base. Samantha S. Thorpe, Better Homes & Gardens, 7 Mar. 2024 After flirting last year with his own 2024 presidential bid, Youngkin seemed to offer Republicans a new path that played to the MAGA base but steered away from Trump’s rough edges. Gregory S. Schneider, Washington Post, 7 Mar. 2024 The Republican base heavily backed Trump, who won eight in 10 of the state's evangelical voters. Jennifer De Pinto, CBS News, 6 Mar. 2024
Verb
Those services later can be increased based on need. Phil Diehl, San Diego Union-Tribune, 10 Mar. 2024 The trend in profits Investors ultimately buy stocks based on expectations that a company's financial condition will improve, typically focusing on profits. The Arizona Republic, 10 Mar. 2024 It's based on the New York Times bestseller by Liane Moriarty (Big Little Lies, 9 Perfect Strangers) and stars Annette Bening, Sam Neill, Jake Lacy, Alison Brie, Conor Merrigan-Turner, Essie Randles, and Georgia Flood. Jessica Radloff, Glamour, 10 Mar. 2024 Brooks’ season has been capped by an Oscars 2024 nomination for her role as Sofia in the musical film based on Alice Walker’s iconic novel. Laurie Brookins, The Hollywood Reporter, 10 Mar. 2024 That would destroy more than 20 million vines across 12,000 hectares (30,000 acres), Reuters calculations based on Wine Australia data show, or about 8% of Australia’s total area under vine. Reuters, CNN, 9 Mar. 2024 The state made the decision based on the hotter temperatures and desert climate in Arizona, CBS affiliate KOLD reported. Aliza Chasan, CBS News, 9 Mar. 2024 Greenfield’s book, Good Night Thoughts, will help readers tackle nighttime anxiety and is based on conversations Greenfield recalls with Jordan. Zoe G Phillips, The Hollywood Reporter, 27 Feb. 2024 The Underwater Photographer of the Year contest is based in the United Kingdom. Cecilia Rodriguez, Forbes, 27 Feb. 2024
Adjective
Wong’s total comp of $92.5 million included a base salary of $583,820, stock awards of $45.7 million and stock options worth $45.7 million. Todd Spangler, Variety, 11 Mar. 2024 Ford’s struggled to meet demand for the base Maverick, a hybrid that starts at $23,500 — $24,995 with destination charge — and scored 37 mpg in combined city/highway EPA tests, good for a $1,350 annual gasoline bill. Mark Phelan, Detroit Free Press, 6 Mar. 2024 His base salary rose $200,000 to $1.1 million, and his stock and option awards rose $2.2 million to $10 million. Artemis Moshtaghian, CNN, 2 Mar. 2024 The team started with an intentional color palette and identified which plants would provide the base green tones. Kristin Guy, Sunset Magazine, 22 Feb. 2024 Applicants can expect a base salary of $35,600, according to the job listing. Mike Snider, USA TODAY, 8 Jan. 2024 Institute a hiring freeze on all positions that have a base salary of $150,000 or more. The San Diego Union-Tribune Staff, San Diego Union-Tribune, 20 Feb. 2024 The base salary in 2025 would be $5 million again with bonuses again. Bill Plunkett, Orange County Register, 9 Feb. 2024 The base Red War campaign has been deleted from the game and is never coming back. Paul Tassi, Forbes, 14 Feb. 2024

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'base.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Etymology

Noun

Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Latin basis, from Greek, step, base, from bainein to go — more at come

Verb

verbal derivative of base entry 1

Adjective (1)

Middle English bas, from Anglo-French, from Late Latin bassus fat, short, low

First Known Use

Noun

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1c(1)

Verb

1587, in the meaning defined at sense 2

Adjective (1)

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 4

Adjective (2)

1734, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of base was in the 14th century

Dictionary Entries Near base

Cite this Entry

“Base.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/base. Accessed 19 Mar. 2024.

Kids Definition

base

1 of 3 noun
plural bases ˈbā-səz How to pronounce base (audio)
1
a
: a thing or part on which something rests : bottom, foundation
the base of a lamp
b
: the part of a plant or animal structure by which it is attached to another more central structure
the base of the thumb
c
: one of the lines or flat surfaces of a geometric figure from which an altitude is or can be constructed
bases of a trapezoid
especially : one on which the figure stands
base of a triangle
2
: a main ingredient
paint having a water base
3
: a fundamental part : basis
4
a
: the place from which a start is made
b
: a line in a survey that is used to calculate distances or positions
c
: a place where a military force keeps its supplies or from which it starts its operations
naval base
air base
d
: a number equal to the number of units that would be equivalent to one in the next higher place in a given number system
in base 10 it takes 10 ones in the units place to equal a one in the tens place
also : a system of writing numbers using a given base
convert base 10 to base 2
5
a
: the starting place or goal in various games
b
: any of the four stations a runner in baseball must touch in order to score
6
: any of various compounds that react with an acid to form a salt, have a bitter taste, and turn red litmus paper blue
7
: a number that is multiplied by a rate or of which a percentage or fraction is calculated
to find the interest on $90 at 10% multiply the base 90 by .10
based adjective
baseless adjective

base

2 of 3 verb
based; basing
1
: to make, form, or serve as a base for
2
: to use as a base or basis for : establish

base

3 of 3 adjective
1
a
: being of low value and having less desirable properties when compared with something else
a base metal such as iron
b
: containing more than the usual amount of base metals
2
: not honorable or moral : mean
base conduct
basely adverb
baseness noun

Medical Definition

base

noun
plural bases ˈbā-səz How to pronounce base (audio)
1
: that portion of a bodily organ or part by which it is attached to another more central structure of the organism
the base of the thumb
2
a
: the usually inactive ingredient of a preparation serving as the vehicle for the active medicinal preparation
the fatty base of an ointment
b
: the chief active ingredient of a preparation

called also basis

3
a
: any of various typically water-soluble and bitter tasting compounds that in solution have a pH greater than 7, are capable of reacting with an acid to form a salt, and are molecules or ions able to take up a proton from an acid or able to give up an unshared pair of electrons to an acid compare alkali
b
: any of the five purine or pyrimidine bases of DNA and RNA that include cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine, and uracil
4
based adjective

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