descent

noun

de·​scent di-ˈsent How to pronounce descent (audio)
1
a
: derivation from an ancestor : birth, lineage
of French descent
patrilineal descent
b
: transmission or devolution of an estate (see estate entry 1 sense 4b) by inheritance usually in the descending line
c
: the fact or process of originating from an ancestral stock
the descent of modern humans and chimpanzees from a common ancestor
d
: the shaping or development in nature and character by transmission from a source : derivation
… could trace a faint but sure descent from Roman law.R. W. Southern
2
: the act or process of descending from a higher to a lower level, rank, or state
begin our descent down the mountain
3
: a step downward in a scale of gradation
specifically : one generation in an ancestral line or genealogical scale
His pedigree shows eleven descents.
4
a
: an inclination downward : slope
a nearly perpendicular descent
b
: a way (such as a downgrade or stairway) that descends or leads downward
c
obsolete : the lowest part
from the extremest upward of thy head to the descent and dust below thy footShakespeare
5
a
: attack, invasion
descent of the locusts
b
: a sudden disconcerting appearance (as for a visit)
unprepared for the descent of her in-laws
6
: a downward step (as in station or value) : decline
the descent of the family into poverty

Examples of descent in a Sentence

The book describes his descent into a deep depression after the death of his wife. her slow descent to a life of addiction The only path that goes down to the river is a rather steep descent, so be careful.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Medical testing conducted at the Institute of Forensic Medicine determined that the baby, a girl, was likely of South American descent and was born alive. Michael Nied, People.com, 24 June 2025 According to Honda, the purpose of the flight was to demonstrate a number of key technological areas for reusable systems, including flight stability during ascent and descent, and power landing capability. David Szondy june 21, New Atlas, 21 June 2025 The Mets led the Phillies by 5 1/2 games just eight days ago, which is a bends-inducing descent that might even make the 2007 Mets wince. Jerry Beach, Forbes.com, 20 June 2025 On Wednesday, several thousands of fans showed up to see the Rams’ public workout, dozens of them wearing Nacua jerseys. Nacua, who is of Hawaiian, Samoan and Portuguese descent, welcomed the attention with open arms. Houston Mitchell, Los Angeles Times, 20 June 2025 See All Example Sentences for descent

Word History

Etymology

Middle English, from Anglo-French descente, from Anglo-French descendre — see descend

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Time Traveler
The first known use of descent was in the 14th century

Browse Nearby Words

Cite this Entry

“Descent.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/descent. Accessed 3 Jul. 2025.

Kids Definition

descent

noun
de·​scent di-ˈsent How to pronounce descent (audio)
1
: one's line of ancestors : birth, lineage
2
: the act or process of descending
3
: a downward step (as in station or value) : decline
4
a
: a downward slant : slope
b
: a descending way (as a stairway)
5
: a sudden raid or assault

Medical Definition

descent

noun
de·​scent di-ˈsent How to pronounce descent (audio)
1
: the act or process of descending from a higher to a lower location
descent of the testes into the scrotum
2
a
: derivation from an ancestor
b
: the fact or process of originating by generation from an ancestral stock (as a species or genus)
3
: a former method of distillation in which the material was heated in a vessel having its outlet underneath so that the vapors produced were forced to descend

Legal Definition

descent

noun
de·​scent
: transmission or devolution of the estate of a person who has died without a valid will compare distribution

More from Merriam-Webster on descent

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