reservoir

noun

res·​er·​voir ˈre-zə-ˌvwär  -zər-  -ˌvwȯr 

 also  -ˌvȯi

1

: a place where something is kept in store: such as

a

: an artificial lake where water is collected and kept in quantity for use

b

: a part of an apparatus in which a liquid is held

c

: supply, store

a large reservoir of educated people

2

: an extra supply : reserve

3

a

: a host organism in which an infectious agent (such as a bacterium or virus) that is pathogenic for some other species lives and multiplies typically without damaging the host

Note: A reservoir serves as a source from which transmission of infection and outbreaks of disease can occur.

It is the white-footed mouse that serves as a natural reservoir host for the spirochete B. [Borrelia] burgdorferi. These mice carry the spirochete without any apparent harm to themselves, and it is through feeding on infected mice that the immature stages of the tick acquire the spirochete.

—Suzanne Clothier et al.

also : a nonliving thing (such as soil or water) in which an infectious agent lives and multiplies and which serves as a source of infection similar to a host organism

b

: a part of the body that harbors an infectious agent and serves as a source of reinfection or infection transmission

… vulvar or rectal reservoirs, which might increase risk for BV [bacterial vaginosis] recurrence.

—Lisa E. Manhart et al.

compare carrier sense 5a, vector entry 1 sense 2a

Synonyms

• budget
• force
• fund
• inventory
• pool
• repertoire
• stock
• supply

Examples of reservoir in a Sentence

The pen has a large ink reservoir.

Colleges and universities provide reservoirs of talent for job recruiters.

She found the reservoirs of energy she needed to finish the job.

Recent Examples on the Web

This water–ice reservoir could be instrumental in the development of any planetary system that might exist around HD 181327. —Keith Cooper, Space.com, 19 May 2025

In reality, the trust fund is not a reservoir into which an employee pays when working, then draws upon when retired. —Bill Conerly, Forbes.com, 16 May 2025

Irrigation from its reservoirs supplies water to rolling acres of Pink Lady and Gala apple orchards. —Karen Weise, New York Times, 13 May 2025

The Peace River Manasota Regional Water Supply Authority captures seasonally available excess surface water from the Peace River that is stored in a reservoir and underground in an aquifer storage and recovery system to provide a reliable year-round water supply to its customers. —Bob Maliva, The Orlando Sentinel, 10 May 2025

Word History

Etymology

French réservoir, from Middle French, from reserver

First Known Use

1690, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Rhymes for reservoir

• abattoir
• alcazar
• autocar
• avatar
• belshazzar
• caviar
• caviare
• cinnabar
• commissar
• condylar
• deodar
• handlebar

Kids Definition

reservoir

noun

res·​er·​voir ˈrez-ə(r)v-ˌwär  -ə(r)v-ˌ(w)ȯr 

1

: a place where something is kept in store

especially : an artificial or natural lake where water is collected as a water supply

2

: an extra supply : reserve

3

: a living thing (as a fly or mouse) in which a parasite (as a bacterium) that is harmful to some other living thing lives and multiplies

Etymology

from French réservoir "place where something is kept in reserve," from reserver "to reserve, keep for future use"

Medical Definition

reservoir

noun

res·​er·​voir ˈrez-ə(r)v-ˌwär  -ə(r)v-ˌ(w)ȯr 

1

: a space (as an enlargement of a vessel or the cavity of a glandular acinus) in which a body fluid is stored

2

a

: a host organism in which an infectious agent (as a bacterium or virus) that is pathogenic for some other species lives and multiplies typically without damaging the host

Note: A reservoir serves as a source from which transmission of infection and outbreaks of disease can occur.

Wild rodents also constitute a reservoir of hantaviruses. The viruses are shed in urine, droppings, and saliva, and humans are mainly infected aerogenically by inhaling aerosols containing the virus.

—Hilde Kruse et al., Emerging Infectious Diseases

also : a nonliving thing (as soil or water) in which an infectious agent lives and multiplies and which serves as a source of infection similar to a host organism

b

: a part of the body that harbors an infectious agent and serves as a source of reinfection or infection transmission

… vulvar or rectal reservoirs, which might increase risk for BV [bacterial vaginosis] recurrence.

—Lisa E. Manhart et al., Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

carrier sense 1a, vector entry 1 sense 2