abdicate

verb

ab·di·cate | \ ˈab-di-ˌkāt

abdicated; abdicating

Definition of abdicate

intransitive verb

: to renounce a throne, high office, dignity, or function The king was forced to abdicate.

transitive verb

1 : to relinquish (something, such as sovereign power) formally abdicate a throne

2 : to cast off : discard abdicate a responsibility

Other Words from abdicate Synonyms Choose the Right Synonym Should you abdicate, abrogate, abjure, or just resign? Did You Know? More Example Sentences Learn More about abdicate

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Other Words from abdicate

abdicable \ -kə-bəl

\ adjective

abdication \ ˌab-di-ˈkā-shən

\ noun

abdicator \ ˈab-di-ˌkā-tər

\ noun

Choose the Right Synonym for abdicate

abdicate, renounce, resign mean to give up a position with no possibility of resuming it. abdicate implies a giving up of sovereign power or sometimes an evading of responsibility such as that of a parent. abdicated the throne renounce may replace it but often implies additionally a sacrifice for a greater end. renounced her inheritance by marrying a commoner resign applies to the giving up of an unexpired office or trust. resigned from the board

Should you abdicate, abrogate, abjure, or just resign?

Several words may be confused with abdicate through either a similarity of sound or of meaning. Among these are abrogate, abjure, and resign. All of these words have multiple meanings that are quite distinct from one another, yet each also has a degree of semantic overlap that renders them nearly synonymous with at least one of the others.

Abdicate is most often used to describe a head of state or member of a royal family voluntarily renouncing a position. It may also refer to the act of failing to fulfill a duty a responsibility. It shares this second meaning with abrogate (although the “failing to fulfill one’s duty” sense of this word is more common in the United Kingdom than in the United States). The senses of abrogate most commonly found are “to annul” or “to do away with.”

Abjure may be used to mean “to abstain from” or “to give up,” but often is used with the meaning of “to disclaim formally or renounce upon oath” (it comes from the Latin jurare, meaning “to swear”).

And finally, resign is often used with the meaning of “to give up one’s office or position.”

Despite the similarities among these words, they tend to be used in fairly specific settings. You would not typically tell your employer that you are abdicating your position in order to look for a better job; you would say that you are resigning. And when the king of a country renounces his claim on the throne to marry his one true love, he would be said to abdicate, rather than resign, his position.

Did You Know?

Give it up. English includes many words for the process of throwing in the towel, especially for relinquishing a job or elected office. Abdicate, a derivative of the prefix ab- (meaning "from," "away," or "off") and the Latin verb dicare (meaning to "proclaim"), has been used primarily for those who give up sovereign power or who evade a very serious responsibility (such as parental responsibility). Renounce is often used as a synonym of abdicate, but it adds to that term the suggestion that an individual is giving up something as a sacrifice to achieve a far greater end. Resign is another option when you are describing a more matter-of-fact departure from a job, office, or trust.

Examples of abdicate in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web

Russia hasn’t had a ruling czar since 1917, when Nicholas II abdicated the throne under pressure from revolutionaries. — Thomas Grove, WSJ, "Czar Vladimir? Putin Acolytes Want to Bring Back the Monarchy," 13 Dec. 2018 Next spring, for the first time in the country’s history, Emperor Akihito, now 84, will abdicate his throne instead of finishing out his remaining days as Japan’s ruler. — Noor Brara, Vogue, "All For Love: Japan’s Princess Ayako Weds Kei Moriya," 29 Oct. 2018 The Foundation’s directors failed to meet basic fiduciary duties and abdicated all responsibility for ensuring that the Foundation’s assets were used in compliance with the law,’’ Underwood wrote. — BostonGlobe.com, "N.Y. attorney general alleges ‘persistently illegal’ conduct at Trump Foundation," 14 June 2018 Francis is abdicating the mandate which Christ gave to Peter to confirm the brethren. — Tara Isabella Burton, Vox, "Ex-Vatican official accuses Pope Francis of covering up McCarrick’s sex abuse," 26 Aug. 2018 Some tenuous connection to a politically fraught issue does not justify abdicating our judicial duty. — The Editorial Board, WSJ, "Behind the Supreme Court’s Dodge," 12 Dec. 2018 In 1975, Lao’s king was forced to abdicate, and a new Communist government installed. — Hanya Yanagihara, Condé Nast Traveler, "Why Luang Prabang Is the Ideal Southeast Asian City," 20 Nov. 2018 To ignore the data and the patterns, advocates and the Obama administration said when finalizing the 2015 rule, was to abdicate the mission Congress gave to HUD under the Fair Housing Act of 1968. — Stephen Koff, cleveland.com, "HUD delays rule that was to expand housing options for the poor but was derided as social engineering," 8 Jan. 2018 The last czar of Russia abdicated on March 15, 1917, following the country’s February Revolution, bringing an end to the Romanov dynasty that ruled Russia for over 300 years. — James Rogers, Fox News, "Incredible photos of the last czar and the Russian royal family surface," 25 Sep. 2018

These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'abdicate.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.