Definition of citizennext
1
as in national
a person who owes allegiance to a government and is protected by it conscientious citizens who regard voting as a duty as well as a right

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2

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How is the word citizen distinct from other similar nouns?

The words national and subject are common synonyms of citizen. While all three words mean "a person owing allegiance to and entitled to the protection of a sovereign state," citizen is preferred for one owing allegiance to a state in which sovereign power is retained by the people and sharing in the political rights of those people.

the rights of a free citizen

Where would national be a reasonable alternative to citizen?

Although the words national and citizen have much in common, national designates one who may claim the protection of a state and applies especially to one living or traveling outside that state.

American nationals working in the Middle East

When could subject be used to replace citizen?

The meanings of subject and citizen largely overlap; however, subject implies allegiance to a personal sovereign such as a monarch.

the king's subjects

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of citizen Many of the same people who cheer for revenue-producing Black athletes at universities also support policies that hurt Black citizens. Michael Cunningham, AJC.com, 4 June 2026 In 1943, civic-minded citizens claimed a plot in San Francisco and invited farmers to sell their produce there. John Metcalfe, Mercury News, 4 June 2026 The crisis has sparked citizen initiatives to clean up neighborhoods. ABC News, 4 June 2026 Nearly 7 in 10 said the court should rule that the order is unconstitutional because the 14th Amendment makes all those born in the United States citizens. Maureen Groppe, USA Today, 4 June 2026 See All Example Sentences for citizen
Recent Examples of Synonyms for citizen
Noun
  • According to the organization, a Tunisian national was arrested on May 19, around 15 miles from the Libya-Tunisia border while returning home.
    Wafaa Shurafa, Los Angeles Times, 4 June 2026
  • The records also show that Cuban nationals accounted for the highest numbers of immigration encounters, representing 28 of the 48 individuals encountered by Miami Springs police in the six-month period.
    Verónica Egui Brito, Miami Herald, 4 June 2026
Noun
  • Isaji also mentioned the possibility that the two missing villagers are not in the cave at all, since they were said to have moved separately from the five others.
    Jintamas Saksornchai, Los Angeles Times, 31 May 2026
  • Malaysian diver Lee Kian Lie told CNN that rescue divers were teaching the villagers how to dive out of the cave themselves, as the space is narrow and water levels are not coming down despite efforts to pump the water out.
    CNN Money, CNN Money, 30 May 2026
Noun
  • As of May 19, nine California residents have been infected, six of them children, according to the California Department of Public Health.
    Andrea Flores, Los Angeles Times, 31 May 2026
  • These major crimes generally affect residents, according to experts, but that doesn’t mean visitors won’t face risks.
    Michael Rios, CNN Money, 31 May 2026
Noun
  • Historically, South America has proven irresistible to certain inhabitants of the northern hemisphere eager to escape the consequences of their terrible actions.
    David Futrelle, Washington Post, 4 June 2026
  • There was one last conversation among the Mazda’s three inhabitants.
    Thomas Lake, AJC.com, 4 June 2026

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Cite this Entry

“Citizen.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/citizen. Accessed 6 Jun. 2026.

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