Definition of citizennext
1
as in national
a person who owes allegiance to a government and is protected by it conscientious citizens who regard voting as a duty as well as a right

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2

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How is the word citizen distinct from other similar nouns?

The words national and subject are common synonyms of citizen. While all three words mean "a person owing allegiance to and entitled to the protection of a sovereign state," citizen is preferred for one owing allegiance to a state in which sovereign power is retained by the people and sharing in the political rights of those people.

the rights of a free citizen

Where would national be a reasonable alternative to citizen?

Although the words national and citizen have much in common, national designates one who may claim the protection of a state and applies especially to one living or traveling outside that state.

American nationals working in the Middle East

When could subject be used to replace citizen?

The meanings of subject and citizen largely overlap; however, subject implies allegiance to a personal sovereign such as a monarch.

the king's subjects

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of citizen That puts the interests of a foreign country above those of its own citizens. Siladitya Ray, Forbes.com, 25 June 2026 The spending is reviewed by a citizens oversight committee that reports to the City Council. Phil Diehl, San Diego Union-Tribune, 25 June 2026 Outside Atlanta Stadium, Haitian citizen Jude Exama held a sign drawing attention to what’s happening in his home country. Hira Humayun, CNN Money, 25 June 2026 On June 3, the Bahraini government banned its citizens from travelling to Iran and Iraq, home to some of the most important shrines in Shiite Islam. semafor.com, 25 June 2026 See All Example Sentences for citizen
Recent Examples of Synonyms for citizen
Noun
  • About 350,000 Haitian nationals in the United States face the risk of being returned to a country that is engulfed in extreme gang violence, widespread hunger and political instability.
    Syra Ortiz Blanes, Miami Herald, 26 June 2026
  • Elections As part of an election bill that mostly takes effect January 1, political candidates, parties, committees and electioneering communications organizations are prohibited from accepting or soliciting contributions from a foreign national (HB 991).
    CBS Miami Team, CBS News, 25 June 2026
Noun
  • The 56-year-old was found guilty last year of inciting social unrest after meeting with villagers displaced by government construction projects, in what was widely seen as one of many legal moves taken by the government of Prime Minister Hun Manet to silence critics.
    ABC News, ABC News, 24 June 2026
  • Civilians in the area have not been instructed to evacuate but have faced checkpoints and tension, with occasional clashes between Israeli soldiers and villagers.
    Melanie Lidman, Chicago Tribune, 19 June 2026
Noun
  • As rescuers continue to search the rubble for thousands of missing residents, other relief teams are turning their attention to Venezuela’s long-term needs in the aftermath of the earthquakes.
    Gonzalo Zegarra, CNN Money, 29 June 2026
  • Outside, residents and guests can enjoy a 10-person hot tub, pool, custom skating rink (and complementary ice skates) and trampoline.
    Noah Haggerty, Los Angeles Times, 29 June 2026
Noun
  • Besieging a city frequently looks like squeezing the life from its inhabitants slowly before launching drone attacks on their farms and villages.
    Janine di Giovanni, Vanity Fair, 25 June 2026
  • The only permanent inhabitants of the country are seminomadic Cree Indians who trap the waterways in the winter and congregate in the summer at trading posts such as Mistassini Post and Rupert House.
    Marc Terziev, Outdoor Life, 25 June 2026

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Cite this Entry

“Citizen.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/citizen. Accessed 29 Jun. 2026.

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