libel

noun li·bel \ ˈlī-bəl \

|Updated on: 7 Aug 2018

Examples: libel in a Sentence

Definition of libel

1 a : a written statement in which a plaintiff in certain courts sets forth the cause of action or the relief sought

b archaic : a handbill especially attacking or defaming someone

2 a : a written or oral defamatory statement or representation that conveys an unjustly unfavorable impression

b (1) : a statement or representation published without just cause and tending to expose another to public contempt

(2) : defamation of a person by written or representational means

(3) : the publication of blasphemous, treasonable, seditious, or obscene writings or pictures

(4) : the act, tort, or crime of publishing such a libel

See libel defined for English-language learners

See libel defined for kids

Examples of libel in a Sentence

To meet the Supreme Court's definition of libel involving a public figure, a quotation must not only be made up or materially altered. It must also defame the person quoted, and damage his or her reputation or livelihood … —Jane Gross, New York Times, 5 June 1993
It is relevant to note that in 1987 the suit against Ms. Malcolm was dismissed … in a narrow ruling that stated that even if the quotations were "false and mischievous," Ms. Malcolm's alterations did not represent malicious intent and therefore did not constitute libel. —Fred W. Friendly, New York Times Book Review, 25 Feb. 1990
The above is not only a flat lie but a political libel which may possibly damage me. Publish it at your peril … —Bernard Shaw, letter, 16 Sept. 1949
In their tiresome addiction to this use of alleged, the newspapers, though having mainly in mind the danger of libel suits, can urge in further justification the lack of any other single word that exactly expresses their meaning; but the fact that a mud-puddle supplies the shortest route is not a compelling reason for walking through it. —Ambrose Bierce, Write It Right, 1909
He sued the newspaper for libel.
The newspaper was found guilty of libel.
The newspaper's attorneys argued that the article was not a libel.

Recent Examples of libel from the Web

Trump subsequently dismissed the claim as fraudulent, leading Daniels to sue him for libel.

— david meyer, Fortune, "Here's Why Stormy Daniels Was Just Arrested in Ohio," 12 July 2018
After another anonymous critical review, which Bird denied writing, was posted the following month, the firm sued Bird for libel, seeking damages and an order to remove the postings.

— bob egelko, SFChronicle.com, "Yelp does not have to remove users’ posts, California Supreme Court says," 2 July 2018
That includes Prokhorov and other unnamed defendants who have backed the biathletes’ libel suit, Rodchenkov’s attorneys said.

— rachel axon, USA TODAY, "Russian doping whistleblower countersues Nets owner Mikhail Prokhorov, three Olympic biathletes," 30 Apr. 2018
Goldwater sued the magazine and its editors for libel.

— emily williams, BostonGlobe.com, "What is the ‘Goldwater rule’?," 6 July 2018
Hassell sued Bird for libel and won a judgment for more than $550,000 in damages and costs, as well as an injunction ordering Bird to remove the ostensibly defamatory material from Yelp.

— michael hiltzik, latimes.com, "Yelp may have just saved the internet — but the court ruling in its favor is a dangerous muddle," 3 July 2018
Hicham Aboutaam filed a libel suit in July in the U.S. against Dow Jones, the publisher of the Journal, challenging the Journal’s May 2017 report.

— alistair macdonald, WSJ, "Belgium Investigates Brothers in Possible Trafficking of Looted Antiquities from Syria," 23 June 2018
Those claims amounted to slander and libel, the lawsuit says.

— dustin gardiner, azcentral, "Former Arizona Rep. Don Shooter sued for slander by accuser, Rep. Michelle Ugenti-Rita," 15 June 2018
The outing comes after Depp sued a British tabloid for libel.

— ale russian, PEOPLE.com, "Johnny Depp Seen Out in Poland After Fan Concern Over His Strikingly Thin Appearance," 13 June 2018

These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'libel.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.

Origin and Etymology of libel

Middle English, written declaration, from Anglo-French, from Latin libellus, diminutive of liber book

NEW! Time Traveler

First Known Use: 14th century

in the meaning defined at sense 1a

See Words from the same year

libel Synonyms

Other Legal Terms

actionable, alienable, carceral, chattel, complicity, decedent, larceny, malfeasance, modus operandi

libel

verb li·bel \ ˈlī-bəl \

Definition of libel

libeled or libelled; libeling or libelling play \ˈlī-b(ə-)liŋ\

intransitive verb

: to make libelous statements

transitive verb

: to make or publish a libel against (see ¹libel)

—

libeler

play \ˈlī-b(ə-)lər\ noun

—

libelist

play \ˈlī-bə-list\ noun

See libel defined for English-language learners

Examples of libel in a Sentence

And in Oklahoma last year, lawyers filed a class-action suit against a group supporting tort reform, saying they had libeled trial lawyers. —Judith Miller, New York Times, 11 June 1996
Government officials, he observed, were public servants who remained accountable to the people and therefore could not be libeled for their performance in office. —Leonard W. Levy, Emergence of a Free Press, 1985
The jury found that the article libeled him.
the court decided that the newspaper's reportage of the former mayor, while irresponsible, did not constitute an effort to libel him

Recent Examples of libel from the Web

The virtues of a free press come under attack in another scene, in which a woman dumps a bucket of excrement over the head of a local official, claiming that she has been libeled by a local newspaper.

— justin chang, latimes.com, "Russian drama takes the stage at Cannes in the sweet 'Leto' and the scathing 'Donbass'," 11 May 2018
The two ultimately went to trial because Irving felt libeled that Lipstadt called him a Holocaust denier in her book.

— jennifer wright, Harper's BAZAAR, "Women Don't Owe Men a Debate About Feminism," 20 Mar. 2018
The attorney said the website libels Sibley, interferes with the recruitment of businesses and new residents, and negatively affects property rights.

— USA TODAY, "Iowa man who complained about town’s ‘stench’ sues after city officials threaten to sue him," 8 Mar. 2018
Just as the First Amendment’s protects free speech, but doesn’t give a license to people to libel others.

— andrés oppenheimer, miamiherald, "Kudos to Gables’ Mayor Valdes-Fauli for proposing a ban on semi-automatic weapons | Miami Herald," 26 Feb. 2018
Jace Richter, 18, who was released from the football team after the allegations against him went public, also asserts that he was defamed, slandered, libeled and portrayed in a false light, according to the suit filed in early December.

— katy moeller, idahostatesman, "Ex-BSU football player says he was assaulted, defamed in countersuit | Idaho Statesman," 20 Dec. 2017
On top of causing emotional trauma, the suit claims, Goodlett's actions libeled the former students and damaged their reputations.

— matthew glowicki, The Courier-Journal, "Students knew their nude photos had leaked. They didn't expect their principal was to blame," 28 Sep. 2017
The poll became public when it was submitted by Issa in an unsuccessful lawsuit alleging that Applegate attack ads libeled the incumbent.

— martin wisckol, Orange County Register, "Conservative Darrell Issa turns to the left," 19 Mar. 2017
The courts ruled O’Brien had not libeled him and he was not entitled to $5 billion as a result.

— vanityfair.com, "Why Melania Trump’s Lawsuit Is the Trumpiest It Gets," 9 Feb. 2017

Origin and Etymology of libel

see ¹libel

NEW! Time Traveler

First Known Use: 1588

in the meaning defined at intransitive sense

See Words from the same year

libel Synonyms

Synonyms

asperse, blacken, defame, malign, slander, smear, traduce, vilify;

Near Antonyms

exalt, glorify, honor;

acclaim, applaud, commend, praise;

esteem, respect;

admire, regard;

adore, revere, venerate, worship;

discredit, disgrace, dishonor, shame;

abase, debase, degrade, humble, humiliate;

disdain, scorn;

Other Legal Terms

actionable, alienable, carceral, chattel, complicity, decedent, larceny, malfeasance, modus operandi

LIBEL Defined for English Language Learners

libel

noun

Definition of libel for English Language Learners

: the act of publishing a false statement that causes people to have a bad opinion of someone

libel

verb

Definition of libel for English Language Learners

: to write and publish a false statement that causes people to have a bad opinion of (someone)

LIBEL Defined for Kids

libel

noun li·bel \ ˈlī-bəl \

Definition of libel for Students

: the publication of a false statement that hurts a person's reputation

libel

verb

Definition of libel for Students

libeled or libelled; libeling or libelling

: to hurt a person's reputation by publishing a false statement

—

libeler

or libeller noun

Law Dictionary

libel

noun li·bel \ ˈlī-bəl \

legal Definition of libel

1 : complaint 1 —used especially in admiralty and divorce cases

2 a : a defamatory statement or representation especially in the form of written or printed words; specifically : a false published statement that injures an individual's reputation (as in business) or otherwise exposes him or her to public contempt

b : the publication of such a libel

c : the crime or tort of publishing a libel — see also single publication rule, New York Times Co. v. Sullivan — compare defamation, slander

Note: Although libel is defined under state case law or statute, the U.S. Supreme Court has enumerated some First Amendment protections that apply to matters of public concern. In New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, the Court held that in order to recover damages a public person (as a celebrity or politician) who alleges libel (as by a newspaper) has to prove that “the statement was made with ‘actual malice’ — that is, with knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not” in order to recover damages. The Court has also held that the states cannot allow a private person to recover damages for libel against a media defendant without a showing of fault (as negligence) on the defendant's part. These protections do not apply to matters that are not of public concern (as an individual's credit report) and that are not published by a member of the mass media. A libel plaintiff must generally establish that the alleged libel refers to him or her specifically, that it was published to others, and that some injury (as to reputation) occurred that gives him or her a right to recover damages (as actual, general, presumed, or special damages). The defendant may plead and establish the truth of the statements as a defense. Criminal libel may have additional elements, as in tending to provoke a breach of peace or in blackening the memory of someone who is dead, and may not have to be published to someone other than the person libeled.

Origin and Etymology of libel

Anglo-French, from Latin libellus, diminutive of liber book

libel

transitive verb

legal Definition of libel

libeled also libelled; libeling also libelling

1 : to make or publish a libel against : to hurt the reputation of by libel

respondent's complaint alleged that he had been libeled by statements in a full-page advertisement
—New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254 (1964)

2 : to proceed against in law by filing a libel (as against a ship or goods)