break·through
ˈbrāk-ˌthrü 
plural breakthroughs
1
a
: a sudden advance especially in knowledge or technique
a medical breakthrough
b
: a person's first notable success
—often used before another noun
a breakthrough novel
the actress's breakthrough performance
2
a
: an act or instance of moving through or beyond an obstacle
a breakthrough in the talks between the region's leaders
a breakthrough agreement
b
: an instance of passing through a barrier or protection
The ice under the surface begins to deteriorate, increasing the risk of breakthroughs.—
Vicki Winger
Vicki Winger
specifically, medical
: infection occurring in someone who is fully vaccinated against an infectious agent
A vaccine breakthrough occurs when a person tests positive for COVID-19 two weeks after being fully vaccinated against the disease … —David Rasbach
—often used before another noun David Rasbach Two other CDC studies of breakthrough cases at nursing homes showed the vaccines protected residents, even when the virus spread through the homes. —Maura Dolan
Maura Dolan … the academy recently recommended that children receive two doses of the chicken pox vaccine, rather than just one, because the additional dose bolsters immunity and may help reduce breakthrough infection. —Maria Raven
Maria Raven 3
warfare
: an offensive military assault that penetrates and carries beyond a defensive line
broke through; broken through; breaking through; breaks through
: to make a breakthrough
Examples of breakthrough in a Sentence
Noun
Researchers say they have made a major breakthrough in cancer treatment.
The police have announced a breakthrough in the murder case.
This job could be the breakthrough she's been waiting for.
Recent Examples on the Web
Dave Smith, Fortune, 26 Oct. 2025
The new record arrives as Halle’s first full-length solo offering since her sister duo of Chloe x Halle took a hiatus following the release of 2020’s breakthrough Ungodly Hour album.
—Kyle Denis, Billboard, 24 Oct. 2025
Martha McHardy, MSNBC Newsweek, 25 Oct. 2025
Juventus broke through the press on a few occasions in midweek, such as below in the 13th minute.
—Anantaajith Raghuraman, New York Times, 25 Oct. 2025
See All Example Sentences for breakthrough
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Noun
Porat pointed to breakthroughs in health care as proof of AI’s broader promise.
—Dave Smith, Fortune, 26 Oct. 2025
The new record arrives as Halle’s first full-length solo offering since her sister duo of Chloe x Halle took a hiatus following the release of 2020’s breakthrough Ungodly Hour album.
—Kyle Denis, Billboard, 24 Oct. 2025
Verb
Mamdani Holds Steady Lead in Latest Polls Across 10 major survey conducted since early September, Mamdani has polled in the low-to-mid 40s—a level of support that has held steady even as other candidates have struggled to break through.
—Martha McHardy, MSNBC Newsweek, 25 Oct. 2025
Juventus broke through the press on a few occasions in midweek, such as below in the 13th minute.
—Anantaajith Raghuraman, New York Times, 25 Oct. 2025
See All Example Sentences for breakthrough
Cite this Entry
“Breakthrough.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/breakthrough. Accessed 31 Oct. 2025.
Copy CitationKids Definition
breakthrough
noun
break·through
ˈbrāk-ˌthrü
: a sudden advance in knowledge or technique
a breakthrough in medical science
Medical Definition
breakthrough
noun
break·through
ˈbrāk-ˌthrü
: infection occurring in someone who is fully vaccinated against an infectious agent
—often used before another noun
breakthrough infections
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