dinoflagellate

noun

di·​no·​fla·​gel·​late ˌdī-nō-ˈfla-jə-lət How to pronounce dinoflagellate (audio)
-ˌlāt;
-flə-ˈje-lət How to pronounce dinoflagellate (audio)
: any of an order (Dinoflagellata) of chiefly marine planktonic usually solitary unicellular phytoflagellates that include luminescent forms, forms important in marine food chains, and forms causing red tide

Examples of dinoflagellate in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web The spectacle, often caused by a bloom of bioluminescent phytoplankton, such as dinoflagellates, has many asking why organisms would risk burning energy trying to produce such captivating light in the first place. Scott Travers, Forbes, 29 Feb. 2024 Based on the dinoflagellates, the team was able to recreate a climate timeline for Roman Italy. Sarah Kuta, Smithsonian Magazine, 30 Jan. 2024 Never before had marine dinoflagellates shown such stages. Patrick Huyghe, Discover Magazine, 11 Nov. 2019 Different types of dinoflagellates prefer different weather conditions—some thrive during periods of cold weather, while others proliferate during times of high precipitation. Sarah Kuta, Smithsonian Magazine, 30 Jan. 2024 When the sea temperature decreased or increased, the species of dinoflagellates in the ancient seawater also changed, and the researchers could determine climate changes from the species’ distinctive cysts. Tom Metcalfe, Scientific American, 26 Jan. 2024 But the aerosol effects of toxin produced by dinoflagellates can be serious. Patrick Huyghe, Discover Magazine, 11 Nov. 2019 Over the past week, 52 bloom concentration samples of the algae dinoflagellate Karenia brevis were detected from Southwest Florida, according to the FWC, which does water samples off the coast daily and updates its website several times a week. Garfield Hylton, orlandosentinel.com, 18 June 2021 In these photos, the blue glow is due to dinoflagellates, a type of algae, being disturbed in the water. Mark Graves | , oregonlive, 11 Aug. 2023

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'dinoflagellate.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Etymology

borrowed from New Latin Dinoflagellatum, presumed singular of Dinoflagellata, order name, from dino- (in Dinophysis, Peridinium and the genus names of other protists having a second flagellum in a transverse groove; borrowed from Greek dīn-, in dīneîn "to whirl, spin about," dī́nē "whirlpool, eddy," dînos "whirling, rotation, eddy," probably originally a verbal base, of obscure origin) + Flagellata, former order name, from neuter plural of flagellātum flagellate entry 2

Note: The name was introduced in the 1880's by the German zoologist Otto Bütschli (1848-1920); in his paper "Einige Bemerkungen über gewisse Organisationsverhältnisse der sog. Cilioflagellaten und der Noctiluca," Morphologisches Jahrbuch, 10. Band (1885), pp. 529-77, Bütschli suggests the name as an alternative to Cilioflagellata, on the grounds that the girdle of cilia thought to characterize these protists is actually a flagellum fit inside a transverse groove: "In any case the need arises to exchange the name Cilioflagellata for another, as it rests on a really incorrect conception of its structure … I can also not recommend Stein's designation as the arthrodelous ['clearly jointed'] Flagellata, and I would hence like to propose the name Dinoflagellata, which at once calls to mind the earlier name Cilioflagellata in a certain respect, and then as well expresses the most characteristic peculiarities of the typical forms, that is, the formation of a transverse groove storing a flagellum." ("Jedenfalls wird sich aber die Nothwendigkeit ergeben, die Bezeichnung Cilioflagellaten mit einer anderen zu vertauschen, da sie auf einer tathsächlich unrichtigen Auffassung des Baues beruht … Mit Stein die Cilioflagellaten als arthrodele Flagellaten zu bezeichnen, halte ich auch nicht für empfehlenswerth und möchte daher vorschlagen, die Bezeichnung Dinoflagellata zu gebrauchen, welche einmal in gewisser Hinsicht an den früheren Namen Cilioflagellaten erinnert und dann die für die typischen Formen charakteristischste Eigenthümlichkeit, nämlich die Ausbildung der Querfurche mit der eingelagerten Geissel zum Ausdruck bringt.") Bütschli does not state explicitly why he chose dino-, though it most likely simply reflects the use of the form in genus names of protists possessing the second flagellum. The zoologist E. Ray Lankester, in the article on Protozoa for the ninth edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica (1885), suggests in a discussion of Dinoflagellata that the allusion is to "Gr. dinos, the round area where oxen tread out on a threshing floor"—though this seems somewhat speculative and the relevance of dínos to a particular feature of the organism is not evident.

First Known Use

1901, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of dinoflagellate was in 1901

Dictionary Entries Near dinoflagellate

Cite this Entry

“Dinoflagellate.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dinoflagellate. Accessed 29 Mar. 2024.

Kids Definition

dinoflagellate

noun
di·​no·​flag·​el·​late
ˌdī-nō-ˈflaj-ə-lət,
-ˌlāt
: any of an order of chiefly marine single-celled floating organisms that resemble both algae and protozoa and are important in marine food chains

Medical Definition

dinoflagellate

noun
di·​no·​fla·​gel·​late ˌdī-nō-ˈflaj-ə-lət How to pronounce dinoflagellate (audio) -ˌlāt How to pronounce dinoflagellate (audio)
-flə-ˈjel-ət
: any of division or phylum (Dinoflagellata) of chiefly marine, planktonic, unicellular protists that include luminescent forms, forms important in marine food chains, and forms causing red tide

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