How to Use refractory in a Sentence

refractory

1 of 2 adjective

• Made with refractory material like that found in faux fireplace logs, the spooky stoneware skulls are fireproof and lightweight.
  — Taysha Murtaugh, Country Living, 2018-10-10
• Soon Maggie seems to be channeling him, both in her refractory behavior and in her strange, scrawled paintings.
  — Sam Sacks, WSJ, 2018-05-18
• It’s being used in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma, a cancer of the bone marrow.
  — Bradley J. Fikes, sandiegouniontribune.com, 2018-04-04
• For instance, determining whether a heart attack needs to be urgently catheterized depends in part on if a patient’s chest pain is refractory to medical treatment.
  — Abraar Karan, BostonGlobe.com, 2019-08-09
• Cinematographer Yves Bélanger was having a fair amount of fun with fish-eye lenses, refractory visual effects, and askew angles.
  — Roxana Hadadi, Vulture, 2021-09-15
• This response lasts for about 10 minutes, after which the cat becomes refractory to catnip’s effects for roughly 30 minutes.
  — Kate Wong, Scientific American, 2018-10-01
• These fractious workplace relationships aren’t so much the fault of refractory unions or exploitative bosses, as the inevitable outcome of poor geology.
  — Washington Post, 2019-05-12
• However, there is some concern regarding the safety of PPI treatment, as well as the fact that a subset of patients are refractory.
  — Joshua Cohen, Forbes, 2022-06-01
• All of these participants were also taking opioids, but still experiencing refractory pain.
  — Sarah Jacoby, SELF, 2017-09-21
• These trials routinely focus on those cancers, such as multiple myeloma and refractory colon cancer, which have resisted standard therapies.
  — Dallas News, 2018-09-04
• Magneco/Metrel was founded in 1981 and specializes in refractory products for aluminum, brick, ceramic, glass, iron and steel.
  — William Thornton | [email protected], al, 2023-03-01
• And since other medical treatments for refractory endometriosis carry other risks, that surgical diagnosis is important for confirming the cause of the pain before those other options are tried.
  — Perri Klass, New York Times, 2020-02-03
• Another way to reduce what reaches the ground is to substitute refractory materials such as titanium and steel, used to make things like fuel tanks and fly wheels, with substances such as aluminium and graphite epoxy that vaporise more easily.
  — The Economist, 2019-08-10
• One advancement has come in the ability to manufacture refractory metals, which are extraordinarily resistant to heating.
  — Eric Berger, Ars Technica, 2020-06-15
• Many less attractive traits are also recorded: Charles could be uncommunicative and dilatory, evasive and mendacious, refractory, vindictive, obstinate, even outright wicked, though self-delusive about the motives of others.
  — R.j.w. Evans, The New York Review of Books, 2020-06-11

refractory

2 of 2 noun

• Most refractory alloys in service today were designed decades ago.
  — Vitor Rielli, The Conversation, 4 Mar. 2026
• These warm hundreds of tonnes of refractory bricks to temperatures up to 1,500 °C.
  — IEEE Spectrum, 30 Oct. 2025
• Ames Lab has shown that ductile refractory alloys can be designed through predictive modeling.
  — Aman Tripathi, Interesting Engineering, 10 May 2026
• Several key refractory metals are brittle at room temperature and cannot absorb those stresses without cracking.
  — Vitor Rielli, The Conversation, 4 Mar. 2026
• In practice, many refractory alloys crack, warp or develop internal defects when 3D-printed.
  — Vitor Rielli, The Conversation, 4 Mar. 2026
• As a refractory metal with a melting point above 3000 degrees Celsius, tungsten resists even extreme thermal stresses.
  — Prabhat Ranjan Mishra, Interesting Engineering, 4 Apr. 2026
• Ideally, engineers would use refractory metals like tungsten, molybdenum, and chromium.
  — Mrigakshi Dixit, Interesting Engineering, 10 Oct. 2025
• Smith worked at an industrial company called Carborundum, which produced refractory, heat-resistant concrete blocks.
  — Lizz Schumer, People.com, 28 Aug. 2025
• In tests, the approach improved mixing between a dense refractory high-entropy alloy and a lightweight titanium alloy, showing that laser path control can profoundly influence how alloys form during printing.
  — New Atlas, 6 July 2026
• This is, by far, the most common TES approach in industry, with most companies using legacy technologies like refractory bricks and molten salt to store heat in insulated shipping containers.
  — Erik Kobayashi-Solomon, Forbes.com, 7 Aug. 2025
• Reynolds cites the early-18th-century diary of William Byrd II, who read Homer in the morning and administered whippings to refractory slaves in the afternoon.
  — James Traub, The Atlantic, 28 June 2026
• However, many current refractory alloys are difficult or impossible to manufacture reliably using these techniques.
  — Vitor Rielli, The Conversation, 4 Mar. 2026
• Traditional manufacturing of refractory metals wastes up to 95% of the raw material through machining – removing unwanted material to create the precise shape – but 3D printing can bring that figure close to zero.
  — Vitor Rielli, The Conversation, 4 Mar. 2026
• Museum Rietberg’s own collection of nineteenth- and twentieth-century photographs taken in Asia and Africa are also interwoven throughout the exhibition — unadorned reference points that serve as nodes between which the artists’ refractory works resonate.
  — The Editors Of Artnews, ARTnews.com, 10 June 2026
• It was made by a senior clinician at the National Institutes of Health named Ranganath Muniyappa, who requested it on behalf of a patient with refractory obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, and pulmonary hypertension, which is high blood pressure in the lungs.
  — Beth Mole, ArsTechnica, 23 June 2026
• The unidentified patient was granted access to the drug following diagnoses of refractory obesity with obstructive sleep apnea as well as pulmonary hypertension, a disease characterized by high blood pressure in the lungs, which can be life-threatening, according to The New Republic.
  — Charlotte Phillipp, PEOPLE, 25 June 2026
• Rondo uses the legacy technology of refractory bricks to store energy at temperatures up to 1,500°C and offers two standard battery configurations—one with 100MWh of capacity, the other with 300MWh.
  — Erik Kobayashi-Solomon, Forbes.com, 7 Aug. 2025