overwhelm

verb

over·​whelm ˌō-vər-ˈ(h)welm How to pronounce overwhelm (audio)
overwhelmed; overwhelming; overwhelms
Synonyms of overwhelm

transitive verb

1
: upset, overthrow
The tornado overwhelmed many mobile homes.
2
a
: to cover over completely : submerge
The city was overwhelmed by the flooding caused by the hurricane.
b
: to overcome by superior force or numbers
The city was overwhelmed by the invading army.
c
: to overpower in thought or feeling
overwhelmed with grief
overwhelmed by terror
A sense of inadequacy overwhelmed me.
overwhelmed with guilt

Did you know?

Let’s face it: life can get overwhelming. A person might be overwhelmed by a sensory experience or emotion; a city might be overwhelmed by an influx of tourists. Things can underwhelm, too: a bland meal, a bare wall, a lackluster playlist. But how often does an experience just, well, whelm you? The answer, unassumingly, is just as often as one overwhelms you—the two verbs are in fact largely synonymous. Both come from Middle English whelmen, meaning "to overturn," and overwhelm has always been more popular, perhaps because the emphatic redundancy of overwhelm makes it seem more apt for describing reactions to powerful forces or feelings.

Examples of overwhelm in a Sentence

Don't overwhelm him with facts. They were overwhelmed with work. The city was overwhelmed by the invading army.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Furthermore, the pressure of simply finding meaning in life can overwhelm. Avni Trivedi, CNN Money, 24 June 2026 Once relying on its massive missile arsenal, advances in Israeli intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance have neutered its previous strategy of relying on simultaneous barrages of missiles to overwhelm Israeli missile defenses. Brady Knox, The Washington Examiner, 24 June 2026 When the day came to an end, the client called me in tears, overwhelmed by how personal and meaningful the journey had been. Condé Nast, Condé Nast Traveler, 24 June 2026 Failure to pursue these prevention policies now may well launch a medical crisis within two decades for a substantial part of our population who will likely overwhelm the medical community with their spinal issues and potentially create as much as a trillion dollar burden on the nation’s economy. Michael Gerling, Fortune, 24 June 2026 See All Example Sentences for overwhelm

Word History

Etymology

Middle English, from over entry 1 + whelmen to turn over, cover up

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of overwhelm was in the 14th century

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Cite this Entry

“Overwhelm.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/overwhelm. Accessed 26 Jun. 2026.

Kids Definition

overwhelm

verb
over·​whelm ˌō-vər-ˈhwelm How to pronounce overwhelm (audio)
-ˈwelm
1
: to cover over completely : submerge
a boat overwhelmed by a wave
2
: to overcome completely : crush
overwhelmed by grief

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