overwhelm

verb

over·​whelm ˌō-vər-ˈ(h)welm How to pronounce overwhelm (audio)
overwhelmed; overwhelming; overwhelms

transitive verb

1
: upset, overthrow
The tornado overwhelmed many mobile homes.
2
a
: to cover over completely : submerge
The city was overwhelmed by the flooding caused by the hurricane.
b
: to overcome by superior force or numbers
The city was overwhelmed by the invading army.
c
: to overpower in thought or feeling
overwhelmed with grief
overwhelmed by terror
A sense of inadequacy overwhelmed me.
overwhelmed with guilt

Did you know?

Let’s face it: life can get overwhelming. A person might be overwhelmed by a sensory experience or emotion; a city might be overwhelmed by an influx of tourists. Things can underwhelm, too: a bland meal, a bare wall, a lackluster playlist. But how often does an experience just, well, whelm you? The answer, unassumingly, is just as often as one overwhelms you—the two verbs are in fact largely synonymous. Both come from Middle English whelmen, meaning "to overturn," and overwhelm has always been more popular, perhaps because the emphatic redundancy of overwhelm makes it seem more apt for describing reactions to powerful forces or feelings.

Examples of overwhelm in a Sentence

Don't overwhelm him with facts. They were overwhelmed with work. The city was overwhelmed by the invading army.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
My stress tests might also have overwhelmed the Skylo phone. PC Magazine, 5 Sep. 2025 The lavender and orange blossom in Libre complement the floral elements in The Ivory perfectly, while adding a bit more projection and longevity without overwhelming the delicate marshmallow base. Kimberly Wilson, Essence, 5 Sep. 2025 Unlike a management game like Stardew Valley, whose expansive opportunities can overwhelm the player with the curse of choice, Tiny Bookshop is pretty limited in its gameplay. Fran Hoepfner, Vulture, 5 Sep. 2025 But the key to getting this look just right is to take a thoughtful approach — blend classic elements of the style in a way that resonates with your everyday living, and add some retro flair (without overwhelming yourself or your space). Shivani Vyas, Better Homes & Gardens, 4 Sep. 2025 See All Example Sentences for overwhelm

Word History

Etymology

Middle English, from over entry 1 + whelmen to turn over, cover up

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of overwhelm was in the 14th century

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Cite this Entry

“Overwhelm.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/overwhelm. Accessed 9 Sep. 2025.

Kids Definition

overwhelm

verb
over·​whelm ˌō-vər-ˈhwelm How to pronounce overwhelm (audio)
-ˈwelm
1
: to cover over completely : submerge
a boat overwhelmed by a wave
2
: to overcome completely : crush
overwhelmed by grief

More from Merriam-Webster on overwhelm

Last Updated: - Updated example sentences
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