idiopathic

adjective

id·​i·​o·​path·​ic ˌi-dē-ə-ˈpa-thik How to pronounce idiopathic (audio)
1
: arising spontaneously or from an obscure or unknown cause : primary
idiopathic epilepsy
2
: peculiar to the individual
idiopathically adverb

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Idiopathic joins the combining form idio- (from Greek idios, meaning "one's own" or "private") with -pathic, a form that suggests the effects of disease. The combining form idio- is typically found in technical terms. Examples include idiographic, meaning "relating to or dealing with something concrete, individual, or unique"; idiolect, meaning "the language or speech pattern of one individual at a particular period of life"; and idiotype, meaning "the molecular structure and conformation of an antibody that confers its antigenic specificity." A more common idio- word is idiosyncrasy, which most commonly refers to an unusual way in which a person behaves or thinks, or to an unusual part or feature of something.

Examples of idiopathic in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web
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For seven-and-a-half years, Ladd had dealt with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a progressive lung disease that stiffens and scars the lungs. Helen Carefoot, Flow Space, 24 June 2026 The company, which was founded in Boston and maintains offices in mainland China, Hong Kong, and Abu Dhabi, has multiple drugs in trials, including one targeting idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a condition where scar tissue forms in the lungs, that’s currently in the Phase II stage. Nicholas Gordon, Fortune, 22 June 2026 Heart risks In 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration required label changes on testosterone therapy that stated the safety and effectiveness had not been established for men who had signs and symptoms associated with idiopathic hypogonadism, a condition that involves low testosterone levels. Jacqueline Howard, CNN Money, 20 June 2026 Scientists became interested in the connection between GLP-1 and migraine through studies on idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), a condition that causes pressure to build up around the brain. Sukhman Rekhi, Verywell Health, 1 June 2026 See All Example Sentences for idiopathic

Word History

First Known Use

1669, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of idiopathic was in 1669

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Cite this Entry

“Idiopathic.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/idiopathic. Accessed 29 Jun. 2026.

Medical Definition

idiopathic

adjective
id·​io·​path·​ic ˌid-ē-ə-ˈpath-ik How to pronounce idiopathic (audio)
: arising spontaneously or from an obscure or unknown cause : primary
idiopathic epilepsy
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
idiopathically adverb
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