vocabulary

noun

vo·​cab·​u·​lary vō-ˈka-byə-ˌler-ē 

və-

plural vocabularies

1

: a list or collection of words or of words and phrases usually alphabetically arranged and explained or defined : lexicon

The vocabulary for the week is posted online every Monday.

2

a

: a sum or stock of words employed by a language, group, individual, or work or in a field of knowledge

a child with a large vocabulary

the vocabulary of physicians

a writer known for employing a rich vocabulary

b

: a list or collection of terms or codes available for use (as in an indexing system)

… the oldest Sumerian cuneiform writing could not render normal prose but was a mere telegraphic shorthand, whose vocabulary was restricted to names, numerals, units of measure, words for objects counted, and a few adjectives.

—Jared Diamond

3

: a supply of expressive techniques or devices (as of an art form)

an impressive musical vocabulary

Did you know?

The Vocabulary of Vocabulary

For many people, the word vocabulary is primarily associated with the number of words that a person knows; one either has a large or a small vocabulary. But the word has many shades of meaning and is nicely representative of the nuanced and multi-hued nature of so much of the English lexicon.

Vocabulary may indeed refer to the collection of words known by an individual or by a large group of people. It may also signify the body of specialized terms in a field of study or activity (“the vocabulary of science”). It may designate a physical object, such as a book, in which a collection of (usually alphabetized) words is defined or explained. And it may name things other than words, such as “a list or collection of terms or codes available for use,” “a set or list of nonverbal symbols” (such as marine alphabet flag signals), and “a set of expressive forms used in an art” (as in “the vocabulary of dance”).

Synonyms of vocabulary

• terminology
• dialect
• language
• slang

Examples of vocabulary in a Sentence

the basic vocabulary of English

She has learned a lot of new vocabulary.

He has a somewhat limited vocabulary.

Reading helped to expand her vocabulary.

the vocabulary of the art world

The Internet has given us a whole new vocabulary.

Recent Examples on the Web

Reading easily leads to reading more, which builds the vocabulary that makes the next book easier — and that loop is what actually predicts the outcome. — Mark Travers, Forbes.com, 15 Aug. 2026

The language is closely related to — but distinct from — German, with a heavy admixture of Hebrew and Aramaic vocabulary, Slavic grammar and other influences. — ABC News, 13 Aug. 2026

Sign languages are independent languages with their own grammar and vocabulary. — Neetika Walter, Interesting Engineering, 12 Aug. 2026

Yet a 2023 Stanford study said that Pangram was biased against non-native English speakers, who might have more limited vocabularies, and many AI researchers contend that such detectors are unreliable. — Cameron Pugh, Christian Science Monitor, 12 Aug. 2026

Word History

Etymology

Middle French vocabulaire, probably from Medieval Latin vocabularium, from neuter of vocabularius verbal, from Latin vocabulum

First Known Use

1532, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Phrases Containing vocabulary

• active vocabulary
• not in someone's vocabulary
• passive vocabulary
• vocabulary entry

Rhymes for vocabulary

• accretionary
• apothecary
• bicentenary
• certiorari
• concessionary
• concretionary
• confectionary
• confectionery
• constabulary
• contemporary
• deflationary
• depositary

Kids Definition

vocabulary

noun

vo·​cab·​u·​lary vō-ˈkab-yə-ˌler-ē 

plural vocabularies

1

: a list or collection of words defined or explained

2

: a stock of words used in a language, by a group or individual, or in relation to a subject