rarefied

adjective

rar·​e·​fied ˈrer-ə-ˌfīd How to pronounce rarefied (audio)
variants or less commonly rarified
1
: being less dense
2
: of, relating to, or interesting to a select group : esoteric
3
: very high

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In the upper reaches of Chomolungma, known more familiarly as Mount Everest, the air is so rarefied—so much less dense than at lower elevations—that most climbers use supplemental oxygen in order to successfully complete their climb. This sense of rarefied, a word that comes from a combination of the Latin words rarus (“thin” or “rare”) and facere (“to make”), has been in use since the 1500s. A second, figurative sense of rarefied developed in the following century to describe things that can only be understood by a small or select group, i.e. one “thinned” from the majority of people by dint of their unique experience, expertise, or status. It’s this sense that we use when we say that to successfully summit Chomolungma puts one in rarefied company—just over 6,000 people have made it to the top at the time of this writing.

Examples of rarefied in a Sentence

It's difficult to breathe in the rarefied air near the mountain's peak.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
This notable retention rate undoubtedly owes in part to Four Seasons’ rarefied in-flight experience, which Fortune got a glimpse of during a whirlwind media journey last March. Alexandra Kirkman, Fortune, 18 June 2025 The result is a serene space that exemplifies a rarefied lifestyle, somewhere between the Tate Modern and mid-century Milan. Abby Montanez, Robb Report, 12 June 2025 This novel—a whodunit, a coming-of-age, a New York novel—heralds the arrival of a rarefied talent. Gabrielle Bellot, Literary Hub, 10 June 2025 Interplanetary space is far more rarefied, with just a few dozen particles in each cubic centimeter. Phil Plait, Scientific American, 25 Apr. 2025 See All Example Sentences for rarefied

Word History

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Time Traveler
The first known use of rarefied was in the 14th century

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Cite this Entry

“Rarefied.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rarefied. Accessed 30 Jun. 2025.

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