: any of several elementary particles that are postulated to come in pairs (as in the up and down varieties) of similar mass with one member having a charge of +⅔ and the other a charge of −⅓ and are held to make up hadrons

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If you were a physics major, chances are that James Joyce didn’t make it onto your syllabus. While literature majors are likely more familiar with his work, Joyce has a surprising tie to physics. In the early 1960s, American physicist Murray Gell-Man came up with the word quork, which he used to refer to his concept of an elementary particle smaller than a proton or neutron (by his own account he was in the habit of using names like “squeak” and “squork” for peculiar objects). He later settled on the spelling quark after reading a line from James Joyce’s Finnegans Wake: “Three quarks for Muster Mark! / Sure he has not got much of a bark / And sure any he has it’s all beside the mark.” The name stuck and has been used by physicists ever since.

Examples of quark in a Sentence

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But the full prediction would involve not only quantum electrodynamics, but all of the quantum forces and interactions in our Universe, including the ones that involve nuclear particles like quarks and gluons. Big Think, 19 Mar. 2026 The previous heavy baryon was discovered in 2017, also at LHCb, and consists of two charm quarks and an up quark. Clara Moskowitz, Scientific American, 17 Mar. 2026 The gravitational pressure could be so extreme as to crush neutrons into their building blocks, which are fundamental particles called quarks and the gluons that ordinarily bind quarks together to form protons and neutrons. Keith Cooper, Space.com, 15 Mar. 2026 Simply mix 250g of low-fat quark (which contains around 20g of protein) with 40g of ground oats, half a banana as a natural binding agent and a dash of milk. Desireé Oostland, Vogue, 4 Mar. 2026 See All Example Sentences for quark

Word History

Etymology

coined by Murray Gell-Mann

First Known Use

1964, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of quark was in 1964

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Cite this Entry

“Quark.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quark. Accessed 25 Mar. 2026.

Kids Definition

quark

noun
: any of several particles that are believed to be components of heavier particles (as protons or neutrons)

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