photon

noun

pho·​ton ˈfō-ˌtän 

1

: a quantum of electromagnetic radiation

Should a substance happen to have a lot of electrons in a higher level, and a lower level is mostly empty …, then a photon can cause an electron to transfer from a higher state to a lower one. This change releases energy and creates a new photon, in addition to the one which caused the transfer. This photon can in turn induce more electrons to fall to a lower state.

—Robert Gilmore

2

dated : troland

photonic

fō-ˈtä-nik 

adjective

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Science and the Photon

It was Albert Einstein who first theorized that the energy in a light beam exists in small bits or particles, and scientists today know that light sometimes behaves like a wave (somewhat like sound or water) and sometimes like a stream of particles. The energies of photons range from high-energy gamma rays and X-rays down to low-energy infrared and radio waves, though all travel at the same speed. The amazing power of lasers is the result of a concentration of photons that have been made to travel together in order to hit their target at the same time.

Examples of photon in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web

The standard model of cosmology predicts a physical length for the sound horizon based on the gravitationally attracting ingredients of the early universe: dark matter, dark energy, neutrinos, photons and atoms. —Marc Kamionkowski, Scientific American, 15 Oct. 2024

Instead of burning fuel, how about shooting photons around? —Eli Amdur, Forbes, 15 Oct. 2024

The stack of OLEDs produces five photons for every electron that passes through. —New Atlas, 20 Sep. 2024

Alice encodes the information onto photons and then sends them to Bob. —Pramod Kumar, Forbes, 12 Sep. 2024

Word History

Etymology

phot- + -on entry 2

First Known Use

1916, in the meaning defined at sense 2

Kids Definition

photon

noun

pho·​ton ˈfō-ˌtän 

: a tiny particle or bundle of electromagnetic radiation

Medical Definition

photon

noun

pho·​ton ˈfō-ˌtän 

1

: a unit of intensity of light at the retina equal to the illumination received per square millimeter of a pupillary area from a surface having a brightness of one candela per square meter

called also troland

2

: a quantum of electromagnetic radiation