penetrate

verb

pen·​e·​trate ˈpe-nə-ˌtrāt 

penetrated; penetrating

transitive verb

1

a

: to pass into or through

this route … penetrates the leading resort and lake areas

—American Guide Series: Minnesota

Only a dirt road penetrates the rough, wooded terrain.

b

: to enter by overcoming resistance : pierce

This bullet can penetrate armor.

c

: to gain entrance to

an apartment that I now penetrated for the first time

—Osbert Lancaster

2

a

: to see into or through

their keen eyes can penetrate the water to a depth of … forty feet

—L. K. Porritt

b

: to discover the inner contents or meaning of

a scientific secret which will eventually be penetrated by other countries

—Vera M. Dean

3

: to affect profoundly with feeling

men may still be penetrated with awe by the divine righteousness

—R. W. Dale

4

: to diffuse through or into

the cold began to penetrate his bones

—E. K. Gann

intransitive verb

1

a

: to pass, extend, pierce, or diffuse into or through something

fishes … which enter tidal rivers and penetrate almost to fresh water

—J. L. B. Smith

b

: to pierce something with the eye or mind

strained his eyes to penetrate beyond the thick cloud of dust

insight that penetrates to the very heart of some … problem

—W. F. Hambly

2

: to affect deeply the senses or feelings

the suggestion might penetrate deeply enough … to make her a good deal more wary

—H. A. Overstreet

Synonyms

• access
• enter
• pierce

Choose the Right Synonym for penetrate

enter, penetrate, pierce, probe mean to make way into something.

enter is the most general of these and may imply either going in or forcing a way in.

entered the city in triumph

penetrate carries a strong implication of an impelling force or compelling power that achieves entrance.

the enemy penetrated the fortress

pierce means an entering or cutting through with a sharp pointed instrument.

pierced the boil with a lancet

probe implies penetration to investigate or explore something hidden from sight or knowledge.

probed the depths of the sea

Examples of penetrate in a Sentence

These bullets can penetrate armor.

radiation penetrating the Earth's atmosphere

The bullet failed to penetrate.

The heat penetrated through the wall.

The roots of these plants have been known to penetrate to a depth of more than 15 feet.

My car's headlights couldn't penetrate the dense fog.

Recent Examples on the Web

The cartels have expanded their reach and extended their routes, penetrating ports from Costa Rica to Argentina, and turning nearly every Latin American mainland nation, including Ecuador, into major producers or movers of cocaine, according to the U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime. —Samantha Schmidt, Washington Post, 12 Apr. 2024

Cox searched what kind of caliber of bullet would penetrate the windshield of a Dodge Dakota, the car that Tammy Daybell was getting out of, along with other Google searches. —Alex Brizee, Idaho Statesman, 11 Apr. 2024

This hydrating serum penetrates deep into the skin to deliver intense replenishment and boost luminosity with its sophisticated formula. —Danielle Cohen, Glamour, 10 Apr. 2024

Many times Clark would penetrate the paint but be unable to create a layup as Cardoso loomed large. —Greg Cote, Miami Herald, 9 Apr. 2024

Keep in mind that for hair growth shampoos to be effective, the active ingredients must penetrate the skin and enter the hair follicles. —Iman Balagam, Vogue, 9 Apr. 2024

That light is a million times fainter than the light of the sun itself and coronal light cannot cross 150 million kilometers of space, penetrate Earth's dense atmosphere and cause blindness. —Aliza Chasan, CBS News, 8 Apr. 2024

The shampoo lathers up nicely and penetrates deep into the fur, reaching all those hard-to-reach places where yeast may be thriving. —Amber Smith, Discover Magazine, 3 Apr. 2024

Hackers can penetrate an update server to seed out their malware, or even break into the network where the software was developed to corrupt it at the source. —Andy Greenberg and Matt Burgess, WIRED, 3 Apr. 2024

Word History

Etymology

Latin penetratus, past participle of penetrare, from penitus deep within, far; akin to Latin penus provisions

First Known Use

circa 1530, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1a

Phrases Containing penetrate

• penetrate someone's disguise

Kids Definition

penetrate

verb

pen·​e·​trate ˈpen-ə-ˌtrāt 

penetrated; penetrating

1

a

: to pass into or through

b

: to enter by piercing

2

: to come to understand

3

: to move deeply

Medical Definition

penetrate

verb

pen·​e·​trate ˈpen-ə-ˌtrāt 

penetrated; penetrating

transitive verb

1

: to pass into or through

enzymes that help the sperm penetrate the zona pellucida

—Anna Maria Gillis

2

: to insert the penis into the vagina of in copulation

intransitive verb

: to pass, extend, pierce, or diffuse into or through something

penetrating percutaneous nephroscopy or ureteroscopy

—R. A. Riehle et al.