encumber

verb

en·cum·ber | \ in-ˈkəm-bər

encumbered; encumbering\ in-ˈkəm-b(ə-)riŋ

Definition of encumber

transitive verb

1 : weigh down, burden tourists encumbered by heavy luggage

2 : to impede or hamper the function or activity of : hinder negotiations encumbered by a lack of trust

3 : to burden with a legal claim (such as a mortgage) encumber an estate

Synonyms & Antonyms Encumber Has French Roots More Example Sentences Learn More about encumber

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Encumber Has French Roots

In Old French, the noun "combre" meant a defensive obstacle formed by felled trees with sharpened branches facing the enemy. Later, in Middle French, "combre" referred to a barrier, similar to a dam or weir, constructed in the bed of a river to hold back fish or protect the banks. That notion of holding back is what informs our verb "encumber," formed by combining en- and combre. One can be physically encumbered (as by a heavy load or severe weather), or figuratively (as by bureaucratic restrictions). "Combre" also gives us the adjectives "cumbersome" and "cumbrous," both meaning "awkward or difficult to handle."

Examples of encumber in a Sentence

These rules will only encumber the people we're trying to help. Lack of funding has encumbered the project.

Recent Examples on the Web

Most obsessives are encumbered by their affliction. — John Anderson, WSJ, "The Heights of Obsession," 22 Feb. 2019 Many recipients are employed but encumbered by high housing costs, according to executives from food banks in states such as California and Texas. — Scott Calvert, WSJ, "Food Banks Reap Unexpected Bounty From Trade Disputes," 5 Oct. 2018 Sounds of shouting and struggle, then down the back staircase went the whooping gang encumbered by flailing, crew-cutted, unclean Bill Elder. — Michael Lindsay-hogg, Town & Country, "Brando in a Blue Blazer," 22 Aug. 2013 Hensley ran off at record-breaking speed for a man encumbered with a large bellows instrument. — Andrew Hamlin, sandiegouniontribune.com, "San Diego's Matt Hensley on the accordion and how he ended up with Flogging Molly," 8 Mar. 2018 Furthermore, its leaders are less encumbered by particular constituents who may be harmed by a trade tit-for-tat, whereas Trump is already being subjected to criticisms from industry and voters. — Alex Shephard, The New Republic, "Why Trump Might Lose His Trade War With China," 9 July 2018 That said, people should be extremely careful about encumbering their homes in retirement. — Liz Weston, latimes.com, "One spouse's debts might haunt the other after death," 8 July 2018 Altuve saw one pitch to produce a second, blistering a two-seam fastball back toward Hammel for a two-run single to lift the angst encumbering the Astros lineup. — Chandler Rome, Houston Chronicle, "Yuli Gurriel's grand slam fuels Astros' rout of Royals," 24 June 2018 Those schemes were invented in the 1970s and quickly became encumbered by patents, limiting their use during the early years. — Timothy B. Lee, Ars Technica, "Inventor says Google is patenting work he put in the public domain," 10 June 2018

These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'encumber.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.