curfew

noun

cur·​few ˈkər-(ˌ)fyü 

plural curfews

1

: the sounding of a bell at evening

2

a

: a regulation enjoining the withdrawal of usually specified persons (such as juveniles or military personnel) from the streets or the closing of business establishments or places of assembly at a stated hour

The city ordered a curfew to prevent further rioting.

b

: a requirement that someone (typically a child) be home by a particular time

Instead, [parents] should make a point of enforcing curfews and standards of behavior that reflect their family's values …

—Pam Carroll

c

: a signal to announce the beginning of a curfew

d

: the hour at which a curfew becomes effective

Austerity has come to Rome, with a midnight curfew, car-less Sundays …

—Women's Wear Daily

She began to cry because it was past curfew and she was certain her momma would kill her when she got home.

—Susan Soo-Hyun Chung

e

: the period during which a curfew is in effect

Did you know?

In medieval Europe, a bell rang every evening at a fixed hour, and townspeople were required by law to cover or extinguish their hearth fires. It was the "cover fire" bell, or, as it was referred to in Anglo-French, coverfeu (from the French verb meaning "to cover," and the word for "fire"). By the time the English version, curfew, appeared, the authorities no longer regulated hearth fires, but an evening bell continued to be rung for various purposes—whether to signal the close of day, an evening burial, or enforcement of some other evening regulation. This "bell ringing at evening" became the first English sense of curfew. Not infrequently, the regulation signaled by the curfew involved regulating people's movement in the streets, and this led to the modern senses of the word.

Did you know?

What is the origin of curfew?

During the Middle Ages, houses in European towns were often made of wood and were close together, and fires could quickly spread from house to house. To prevent this, people were required to put out or cover their hearth fires by a certain time in the evening. A bell was rung as a signal when the time had come. In early French this signal was called coverfeu, a compound of covrir, meaning “to cover,” and feu, “fire.” Even when hearth fires were no longer regulated, many towns had other rules that called for the ringing of an evening bell, and this signal was still called coverfeu. A common coverfeu regulation required people to be off the streets by a given time. That was the meaning of the word when it was borrowed into Middle English as curfew.

Examples of curfew in a Sentence

The teens were stopped by police for violating the curfew.

The city ordered a curfew soon after the rioting started.

The town was placed under curfew.

No one is allowed on the streets during the curfew.

He has a 10 o'clock curfew.

Recent Examples on the Web

Many shelters ban pets, have early curfews and limit the belongings people can bring in. —Jennifer Ludden, NPR, 22 Apr. 2024

Officers will issue announcements through public address systems on their patrol cars before the curfew takes effect, followed by another announcement that the curfew is in effect. —Sarah Nelson, USA TODAY, 10 Apr. 2024

In a news release, Indianapolis Mayor Joe Hogsett stated his support for the curfew. —Jake Allen, The Indianapolis Star, 4 Apr. 2024

Most have protocols that staffers are told to follow, which may include abiding by curfews and governing how to travel. —Emily Heil, Washington Post, 3 Apr. 2024

Sixty more police arrived in Alice Springs this week to build a more visible police presence during the curfew period, and police liquor inspectors were allocated to patrol liquor stores in the area. —Hilary Whiteman, CNN, 29 Mar. 2024

Meanwhile, the acting prime minister has extended a nightly curfew launched earlier this month. —Fredlyn Pierre Louis, NBC News, 21 Mar. 2024

Day recalled one night when his dad chewed him out for missing curfew. —Brittny Mejia, Los Angeles Times, 14 Mar. 2024

Last year, a midnight curfew was enacted after two deadly shootings. —Aaron Leibowitz, Miami Herald, 5 Mar. 2024

Word History

Etymology

Middle English, from Anglo-French coverfeu, signal given to bank the hearth fire, curfew, from coverir to cover + fu, feu fire, from Latin focus hearth

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

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Kids Definition

curfew

noun

cur·​few ˈkər-ˌfyü 

1

: an order or law requiring certain or all people to be off the streets at a stated time

2

: a signal (as the ringing of a bell) formerly given to announce the beginning of a curfew

3

: the time when a curfew is sounded

Etymology

Middle English curfew "an order to be off the streets at a certain time," from early French coverfeu "signal to cover a hearth fire, curfew," from covrir "to cover" and feu "fire"

Word Origin

During the Middle Ages, houses in European towns were often made of wood, and they were built very close together. A fire burning out of control could quickly spread from house to house. To prevent this disaster, people were required to put out or cover their hearth fires by a certain time in the evening. A bell was rung as a signal when the time had come. In early French this signal was called coverfeu, a compound of covrir, meaning "to cover," and feu, "fire." Even when hearth fires were no longer regulated, many towns had other rules that called for the ringing of an evening bell, and this signal was still called coverfeu. A common coverfeu regulation required that certain people be off the streets by a given time. This is the meaning taken when the word coverfeu was borrowed from early French into Middle English as curfew.