circumference

noun

cir·​cum·​fer·​ence sər-ˈkəm(p)-fərn(t)s 

sə-,

-f(ə-)rən(t)s

1

: the perimeter of a circle

The circle measures 22 inches in circumference.

2

: the external boundary or surface of a figure or object : periphery

from the center to the circumference of the sphere

circumferential

sər-ˌkəm(p)-fə-ˈren(t)-shəl 

sə-

adjective

Did you know?

Attempts have been made to measure the circumference of the earth since the time of Aristotle. The calculation that Columbus was relying on led him to think he could reach China by sailing west more quickly than by sailing east. But that measurement had calculated the earth's circumference as about a quarter too small, and the rest is history. Columbus wasn't the only one who got it wrong; many later attempts continued to produce different measurements for the earth's circumference—even though the Greeks had calculated it correctly way back in the 3rd century B.C.

Synonyms

• girth

Examples of circumference in a Sentence

What is the circumference of the Earth at the equator?

The circle is 38 inches in circumference.

The fence marks the circumference of the field.

Recent Examples on the Web

Just give it a prince, and gather it in a ball larger than 2 inches in circumference. —Dana Oland, Idaho Statesman, 8 Apr. 2024

And the women’s game’s smaller basketball — by one full inch, in circumference — was not introduced until 1984. —Blair Kerkhoff, Kansas City Star, 7 Apr. 2024

Waist circumference, on the other hand, is a measurement of the waist that helps measure fat around the belly. —Laura Hensley, Verywell Health, 2 Feb. 2024

The divisive style hugs the hips, offers the nonchalant coolness of baggier styles throughout the thighs, peaks in circumference around the knees, and regains its elegance by tapering off at the ankles. —Alexis Bennett Parker, Vogue, 17 Nov. 2023

All three groups had a decline in waist and hip circumference and body mass index (BMI). —Sarah Garone, Health, 29 Mar. 2024

And in August 2019 a monster grapefruit broke two records and became the world’s heaviest and largest grapefruit by circumference. —Jack Guy, CNN, 15 Mar. 2024

The Pi symbol represents the ratio between the circumference and diameter of a circle. —Marina Johnson, The Courier-Journal, 12 Mar. 2024

Just before totality, viewers can also spot flashes of light — known as Baily’s beads — along the circumference of the moon. —Hannah Fry, Los Angeles Times, 23 Feb. 2024

Word History

Etymology

Middle English, from Middle French & Latin; Middle French, from Latin circumferentia, from circumferre to carry around, from circum- + ferre to carry — more at bear

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Kids Definition

circumference

noun

cir·​cum·​fer·​ence sə(r)-ˈkəm(p)-fərn(t)s 

-f(ə-)rən(t)s

1

: a line that goes around or encloses a circle

2

: the outer boundary of a figure or area

3

: the distance around something

the circumference of the earth at the equator