autocrat

noun

au·​to·​crat ˈȯ-tə-ˌkrat 

1

: a person (such as a monarch) ruling with unlimited authority

2

: one who has undisputed influence or power

He was the autocrat of his household.

Synonyms

• monarch
• potentate
• ruler
• sovereign
• sovran

Examples of autocrat in a Sentence

European autocrats once commonly believed that they had received the right to rule directly from God.

Recent Examples on the Web

Indeed, at a glance the likeness between the affable actor and the autocrat isn’t readily apparent — but onstage Keen utterly transforms in mind and body. —Jenelle Riley, Variety, 4 Apr. 2024

Her leftist politics landed her in hot water with Cuba’s autocrats. —Michael Kimmelman Clement Pascal, New York Times, 3 Apr. 2024

Making a show in 2024 whose fundamental thesis is that autocracies are bad for everyone but the autocrats, and sometimes their friends, doesn’t exactly feel like a fresh or bold statement. —Alan Sepinwall, Rolling Stone, 29 Feb. 2024

The whiplash in rhetoric — at times positive, at others critical — is typical of the Russian autocrat. —Adam Taylor, Washington Post, 15 Feb. 2024

In a world in which the United States’ principal rivals—China and Russia—are led by personalistic autocrats operating within small and insular circles of advisers, gaining insight into leaders’ intentions is both more important and more difficult than ever. —William J. Burns, Foreign Affairs, 30 Jan. 2024

The secret sauce in America has not been centralization, autocrats ruling us and 24/7 surveillance. —Paolo Confino, Fortune, 16 Mar. 2024

But many analysts believe the 71-year-old autocrat will rule this nation of 146 million people for life. —Robyn Dixon, Washington Post, 14 Mar. 2024

The Kremlin has no doubt studied how neighbouring autocrats keep their grip on power. —Nathan Hodge, CNN, 11 Mar. 2024

Word History

Etymology

borrowed from French & Greek; French autocrate, borrowed from Greek autokratḗs "ruling by itself (of a mind), with sole authority (for a task)," from auto- auto- + -kratēs, adjective derivative of kratéō, krateîn "to be strong or powerful, have command, rule," derivative of krátos "strength, power, authority" — more at hard entry 1

Note: The Oxford English Dictionary, third edition, notes that the earliest English attestation of autocrat, from 1762, precedes the earliest French attestation by six years. The source in question, the newspaper The Public Advertiser, uses the word as part of the title of Catherine II, "Empress and Autocrat of all the Russias." "Autocrat" here most likely translates, with the loss of the feminine suffix, French autocratrice, a word used in the French titles of three Russian empresses: Anna (1730-40), Elizaveta Petrovna (1741-62), and Catherine (1762-1796). The masculine correspondent was autocrateur, which corresponds not to Greek autokratḗs, but rather to the adjective autokrátōr, which is better attested in ancient Greek in a wider array of meanings: "independent, with full authority, in control, with sole authority," and in the early Roman empire is used as the Greek equivalent of Latin imperātor (see imperator, emperor). Indeed, though the etymology above showing borrowing from autokratḗs is formally acceptable, English autocrate may more likely be a back-formation from autocracy (in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries with the meanings "self-control" and "absolute power," and also spelled autocrasy, autocraty) (compare aristocrat, democrat). The Russian equivalents of French autocrateur and autocratrice were samoderžec and samoderžica (compare samoderžavie "autocracy"), which themselves represent calques on Greek autokrátōr, though at a much earlier period (Old Church Slavic samodrŭžĭcĭ, samodrŭžitelĭ, from samo- "self" and drŭžati "to hold, have, control").

First Known Use

1762, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Kids Definition

autocrat

noun

au·​to·​crat ˈȯt-ə-ˌkrat 

: a person who rules with unlimited authority