agarwood

:  the soft, dark heartwood that is produced by any of various southeast Asian evergreen trees (genus Aquilaria, especially A. malaccensis synonym A. agallocha) when they become infected with a fungus and that contains a fragrant resin used chiefly to produce incense, perfumes, and traditional medicines When the inside of the tree becomes infected (usually by insects), fungus or mold develops and bores into the tree, which attempts to defend itself by creating agarwood, a resinous heartwood; this slows down the infection and makes the surviving wood more durable. — Lawrence Osborne, Town & Country, June 2014 With prices for noncultivated agarwood rising to $10,000 a kilo, few local shopkeepers welcome mere browsers. — Jennifer Gampell, New York Times, 20 July 2008 —called also agalloch, agilawood, aloeswood, calambac, eaglewood