abstention

noun

ab·​sten·​tion əb-ˈsten(t)-shən 

ab-

: the act or practice of abstaining: such as

a

: the act or practice of choosing not to do or have something

abstention from drugs and alcohol

a long period of abstention [=abstinence]

b

: a formal refusal to vote on something

There were 10 ayes, 6 nays, and 2 abstentions.

abstentious

əb-ˈsten(t)-shəs 

ab-

adjective

Examples of abstention in a Sentence

There were 10 ayes, 6 nays, and 2 abstentions when the vote was taken.

a high rate of voter abstention

Recent Examples on the Web

Smith never specified whether his 10-day protocol was liquids-only, time-restricted or a total abstention from food and drink, a distinction that matters clinically. — Hanna Wickes, Sacbee.com, 25 Sep. 2026

The measure cleared the upper house 81-51 with seven abstentions. — ABC News, 23 Sep. 2026

The same Datafolha results show over-70s reporting the strongest interest in politics of any age group, despite their traditionally high abstention rates. — Constance Malleret, Christian Science Monitor, 23 Sep. 2026

The resolution, seen by AFP, was adopted by 23 votes in favor, three votes against and eight abstentions, two diplomats told AFP. — Frank Andrews, CBS News, 9 Sep. 2026

Word History

Etymology

borrowed from Late Latin abstentiōn-, abstentiō, from Latin absten-, variant stem of abstinēre "to abstain" + -tiōn-, -tiō, suffix of action nouns

First Known Use

1521, in the meaning defined above

Rhymes for abstention

• dissention
• distention
• intention
• circumvention
• contravention
• inattention
• intervention
• nonintervention

Kids Definition

abstention

noun

ab·​sten·​tion əb-ˈsten-chən 

ab-

: the act or practice of abstaining

especially : a formal refusal to vote

3 ayes, 5 nays, and 2 abstentions

Legal Definition

abstention

noun

ab·​sten·​tion əb-ˈsten-chən 

: the staying of the exercise of federal jurisdiction in a case that involves a question of state law or policy which the federal court prefers to have resolved by a state court or agency

also : the staying of the exercise of federal jurisdiction in a case that involves a proceeding in a court of military justice

— Burford abstention \ ˈbər-​fərd-​ \

: an abstention grounded on the involvement in the federal case of a challenge to the exercise of a usually complex state administrative function

— Colorado River abstention \ ˌkä-​lə-​ˈra-​dō-​, -​ˈrä-​ \

: an abstention grounded especially on the involvement in the federal case of questions of state concern that are also at issue in a parallel case in state court

— Pullman abstention \ ˈpu̇l-​mən-​ \

: an abstention grounded on the involvement in the federal case of the interpretation of an ambiguously worded state law whose constitutionality would have to be determined by the federal court

Note: A party to a case subjected to a Pullman abstention may reserve the right to return to federal court once the state court has resolved the state law question. Pullman abstentions are the most common type of abstention.

— Thibodaux abstention \ ˌtē-​bə-​ˈdō-​ \

: an abstention grounded on the involvement in the federal case of an issue that greatly affects and concerns a state

— Younger abstention \ ˈyəŋ-​gər-​ \

: an abstention grounded on the plaintiff's invocation of federal jurisdiction for the purpose of restraining an ongoing usually criminal state proceeding that has been brought in good faith and not for harassment