capitol

noun

cap·​i·​tol ˈka-pə-tᵊl 

ˈkap-tᵊl

1

a

: a building in which a state legislative body meets

the dome of the state capitol

b

: a group of buildings in which the functions of state government are carried out

2

Capitol : the building in which the U.S. Congress meets at Washington

Did you know?

Capital and Capitol: Which One to Use Where

What a pair these are: they sound identical and look nearly identical and both have meanings that relate to government. Mastering their use, however, is simple.

The key is this: capitol, the one with an "o," is very limited in use. It appears in the term Capitol Hill, and is used to refer to one very particular and famous building, to some other similar buildings, and, occasionally, to a group of buildings that includes those similar buildings. For all other meanings, the word you want is capital.

This means that in a state's capital city is a building or group of buildings properly referred to with the word capitol, with an "o." In this use capitol is synonymous with statehouse: both refer to the building or group of buildings where a state legislature meets. The phrase capital city utilizes capital because it refers to a city, not to a building or group of buildings.

Capitol with a capital "C" refers to the particular building in Washington, D.C. where the U.S. Congress meets. It often appears before other nouns in phrases like the Capitol building and Capitol police, and is very frequently used in the term Capitol Hill, which refers both to the legislative branch of the United States government as well as to the location of the Capitol building. The Capitol, like many state capitol buildings, has a rounded dome that is somewhat reminiscent of the top of an "o," which may help some remember the "o" spelling. Note that the word capital as used to describe an uppercase letter, like in the phrase capital "C", utilizes capital.

The word capital has three distinct homographs, two for noun uses and one for adjective uses. Readers should consult those entries for the various meanings of capital, but can be assured that they all end in al, rather than ol.

Synonyms of capitol

• senate
• statehouse

Examples of capitol in a Sentence

the dome of the state capitol

the legislators were called to the capitol for an emergency session

Recent Examples on the Web

This resident of Poland’s capitol runs the family business, a cute little flower shop that the subtitles inform us is literally named Cute Little Flower Shop. —David Fear, Rolling Stone, 15 Apr. 2026

In a March 24 capitol hearing, state Senator Tom Umberg, D-Orange County, led the Democratic supermajority in directing the state auditor to investigate the Orange County Board of Education. —Will Swaim, Oc Register, 12 Apr. 2026

This gave rise to some constituents dubbing her Lori Tehran, which is the capitol of Iran, something which Grossi was quick to pick up and run with. —Peter Lucas, Boston Herald, 9 Apr. 2026

The Bay Area and Silicon Valley has always been ripe for both some ribbing and some potent storytelling on the big and small screen, due to its colorful history and its current role as capitol of the American technological zeitgeist. —Randy Myers, Mercury News, 7 Apr. 2026

Word History

Etymology

Middle English Capitolie, Capitoile "the Capitoline hill in Rome, the temple of Jupiter occupying one of its two peaks," borrowed from Anglo-French, borrowed from Latin Capitōlium, of uncertain origin

Note: Capitōlium has generally been taken to be derived from capit-, caput "head," but as a Latin suffix -ōlium is not otherwise attested, the derivation is unexplained.

First Known Use

1679, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Rhymes for capitol

• capital
• noncapital

Kids Definition

capitol

noun

cap·​i·​tol ˈkap-ət-ᵊl 

ˈkap-tᵊl

1

: the building in which a state legislature meets

2

capitalized : the building in which the U.S. Congress meets in Washington, D.C.