sham 1 of 3

Definition of shamnext
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sham

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noun

sham

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verb

Synonym Chooser

How is the word sham different from other nouns like it?

Some common synonyms of sham are counterfeit, fake, fraud, humbug, and imposture. While all these words mean "a thing made to seem other than it is," sham applies to fraudulent imitation of a real thing or action.

condemned the election as a sham

Where would counterfeit be a reasonable alternative to sham?

In some situations, the words counterfeit and sham are roughly equivalent. However, counterfeit applies especially to the close imitation of something valuable.

20-dollar bills that were counterfeits

When could fake be used to replace sham?

The meanings of fake and sham largely overlap; however, fake implies an imitation of or substitution for the genuine but does not necessarily imply dishonesty.

these jewels are fakes; the real ones are in the vault

In what contexts can fraud take the place of sham?

While the synonyms fraud and sham are close in meaning, fraud usually implies a deliberate perversion of the truth.

the diary was exposed as a fraud

When is it sensible to use humbug instead of sham?

Although the words humbug and sham have much in common, humbug suggests elaborate pretense usually so flagrant as to be transparent.

creating publicity by foisting humbugs on a gullible public

When might imposture be a better fit than sham?

The words imposture and sham can be used in similar contexts, but imposture applies to any situation in which a spurious object or performance is passed off as genuine.

their claim of environmental concern is an imposture

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of sham
Adjective
Authorities investigated the theft of several off-highway vehicles in Dorchester and Dedham and arrested two males who participated in the sham business. Colleen Cronin, Boston Herald, 26 May 2026 The case depicts sham interviews as a form of intentional discrimination on account of race. Michael McCann, Sportico.com, 26 May 2026
Noun
China is one of a small number of countries to have endorsed Myanmar's recent election conducted by the military junta that carried out the 2021 coup, a vote that most Western countries and human rights groups have dismissed as a sham. Wai Moe, NPR, 12 June 2026 The controversial $500,000 portion of PFAS money allocation scheme is a sham and undermines the public trust (Tamarac finds a $500,000 slush fund, editorial, May 21). Sun Sentinel Editorial Board, Sun Sentinel, 28 May 2026 See All Example Sentences for sham
Recent Examples of Synonyms for sham
Adjective
  • Vxhinqy Crossbody Phone Strap With a faux leather strap, this universal lanyard is made for travelers who want both comfort and security.
    Rosie Marder, Travel + Leisure, 24 June 2026
  • Mavericks fans staged a faux funeral complete with a casket a day later in front of the Dirk Nowitzki statue outside American Airlines Center.
    Steve Henson, Los Angeles Times, 23 June 2026
Adjective
  • The counterfeit surgeon was waiting for his Starbucks order at JFK when Port Authority cops caught up with him.
    Colin Mixson, New York Daily News, 18 June 2026
  • Lori Ann Talens, of Virginia Beach, Virgina, used a computer to design, create and produce a wide variety of counterfeit coupons in her Virginia Beach home, according to court documents.
    Charlotte Hazard, Baltimore Sun, 18 June 2026
Adjective
  • After a season of travel, video and phone calls and texts speaking with agents, scouts, coaches, family members and those around these players, here is my final mock draft for the 2026 NHL Draft.
    Scott Wheeler, New York Times, 23 June 2026
  • The mock-neck adds a chic touch, and the color selection is genuinely impressive.
    Annie Blackman, InStyle, 22 June 2026
Noun
  • Their outmoded style, with its seriousness and corniness, its big acting choices and low budgets, is basically impossible to recreate without falling into parody.
    Alison Willmore, Vulture, 19 June 2026
  • Frankie stars in the musical comedy, a parody of the 1997 blockbuster Titanic set to a score of songs by Céline Dion.
    Yamillah Hurtado, PEOPLE, 19 June 2026
Noun
  • By probing his triple role as author, anthropologist and cult leader, the book asks why Americans hunger for seductive spiritual hoaxes.
    Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles Times, 23 June 2026
  • The Little Rock Zoo briefly stopped admitting visitors on Friday morning while authorities investigating a bomb threat that was found to be a hoax.
    Arkansas Online, Arkansas Online, 19 June 2026
Noun
  • Rollins said federal authorities have made 900 arrests for SNAP fraud during the last year and recovered $132 million in restitution.
    Bart Jansen, USA Today, 19 June 2026
  • The future involves building robust connectors between merchant systems and UCP, and developing new solutions for agent identity and fraud detection.
    Josipa Majic Predin, Forbes.com, 19 June 2026
Verb
  • Aegon, reeling from his brother’s betrayal and, likely, the early stages of opiate withdrawal, refuses to pledge (pretend) fealty to the Blacks and so Larys reveals Aegon’s identity.
    Amanda Whiting, Vulture, 22 June 2026
  • But for a little while in Pinehurst, a room full of journalists and a parking lot full of golf fans agreed to pretend otherwise.
    Théoden Janes, Charlotte Observer, 19 June 2026
Adjective
  • Authorities say the operation powered fake websites built to steal credit card numbers, passwords and other personal information.
    Staff, FOXNews.com, 19 June 2026
  • None of that makes the project fake.
    Gabriel Alin Zainescu, Forbes.com, 19 June 2026

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Cite this Entry

“Sham.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/sham. Accessed 27 Jun. 2026.

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