Did You Know?
"Proliferate" came about in 1873 as a back-formation of "proliferation." That means that "proliferation" came first (we borrowed it from French in the 1850s) and was later shortened to form the verb "proliferate." Ultimately these terms come from Latin. The French adjective "prolifère" ("reproducing freely") comes from the Latin noun "proles" and the Latin combining form "-fer." "Proles" means "offspring" or "descendants," and "-fer" means "bearing." Both of these Latin forms gave rise to numerous other English words. "Prolific" and "proletarian" ultimately come from "proles"; "aquifer" and words ending in "-ferous" have their roots in "-fer."