In 2018 Glencore stopped paying the royalties—estimated to be around $77,000 a day, or $28 million annually—that Gertler was entitled to under Congolese law.
One of Ong’s observations in Orality and Literacy is about heavy and light characters in oral societies.
—
Derek Thompson,
The Atlantic,
22 Feb. 2026
The concept shared by these two works is the idea that colonial and authoritarian societies are held together through the presence of a scapegoat (The Barbarians) whose existence justifies the need for all the tools a society uses to build and maintain control.
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