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re·la·tion back
Legal Definition of relation back
: the assigning of a prior date (as the date of execution of a document) to an act (as filing of a document and especially a pleading) as the time of its effect especially to avoid a time limit
the relation back of amendments to the date of the original pleading also : the legal fiction that an action (as the filing of a document) was taken on a previous date to avoid the expiration of a time limit
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