subrogation

noun

sub·ro·ga·tion | \ˌsə-brō-ˈgā-shən

Definition of subrogation

: the act of subrogating specifically : the assumption by a third party (such as a second creditor or an insurance company) of another's legal right to collect a debt or damages

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The first known use of subrogation was in the 15th century

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subrogation

noun

sub·ro·ga·tion | \ˌsə-brō-ˈgā-shən

Legal Definition of subrogation

1 : an equitable doctrine holding that when a third party pays a creditor or obligee the third party succeeds to the creditor's rights against the debtor or obligor also : a doctrine holding that when an insurance company pays an insured's claim of loss due to another's tort the insurer succeeds to the insured's rights (as the right to sue for damages) against the tortfeasor

— called also equitable subrogation

2 : an act or instance of subrogating where an insurer has acquired by an assignment or by subrogation the right to recover for money— J. M. Landers et al.

Note: Subrogation can take place either by operation of law or by contractual agreement.