cortex

noun

cor·​tex ˈkȯr-ˌteks 

plural cortices ˈkȯr-tə-ˌsēz  also cortexes

1

a(1)

: the outer or superficial part of an organ or bodily structure (such as the kidney, adrenal gland, or cerebellum or a bone)

especially : cerebral cortex

(2)

: the proteinaceous usually pigmented layer of a hair below the cuticle

b

: the outer part of some organisms (such as paramecia)

2

: a plant bark or rind (such as cinchona) used medicinally

3

a

: the typically parenchymatous layer of tissue external to the vascular tissue and internal to the corky or epidermal tissues of a green plant

broadly : all tissues external to the xylem

b

: an outer or investing layer of various algae, lichens, or fungi

Examples of cortex in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web

Pancho’s implant, a delicate array of electrodes spread over a flat, flexible rectangular device like a business card, is placed on the surface of his vocal motor cortex, which governs speech production. — Literary Hub, 6 Nov. 2026

The tau deposits were also distributed more widely throughout the cortex, the outer layer of the brain involved in functions such as language, attention and problem-solving. — Daniella Gray, MSNBC Newsweek, 6 Nov. 2026

Those placed farther back on the head target a region associated with pain regulation deep inside the cerebral cortex via the motor cortex, says Emilė Radytė, CEO and cofounder of Samphire Neuroscience. — IEEE Spectrum, 5 Nov. 2026

Holroyd’s lab is investigating both glutamate and lactate, an important energy source for the brain, as well as the contribution of the anterior cingulate cortex, a region of the brain involved in attention and decision-making. — Cody Cottier, Scientific American, 4 Nov. 2026

Word History

Etymology

Latin cortic-, cortex bark — more at cuirass

First Known Use

circa 1676, in the meaning defined at sense 1a(1)

Phrases Containing cortex

• cerebral cortex
• piriform cortex
• prefrontal cortex
• pyriform cortex
• visual cortex

Rhymes for cortex

• vortex
• neocortex

Kids Definition

cortex

noun

cor·​tex ˈkȯr-ˌteks 

plural cortices ˈkȯrt-ə-ˌsēz  or cortexes

1

: an outer or surrounding layer of an organ or body part

the cortex of the kidney

especially : the outer layer of gray matter of the cerebrum

2

: the layer of tissue outside the xylem and phloem and inside the corky or epidermal tissues of a vascular plant

also : all tissues external to the xylem

Medical Definition

cortex

noun

cor·​tex ˈkȯr-ˌteks 

plural cortices ˈkȯrt-ə-ˌsēz  also cortexes

1

a

: the outer or superficial part of an organ or body structure (as the kidney, adrenal gland, or a hair)

especially : cerebral cortex

b

: the outer part of some organisms (as paramecia)

2

a

: a plant bark or rind (as cinchona) used medicinally

b

: the peel of any of several fruits

—used especially in the writing of medical prescriptions