gene

gene

noun \ˈjēn\

Definition of GENE

: a specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is located usually on a chromosome and that is the functional unit of inheritance controlling the transmission and expression of one or more traits by specifying the structure of a particular polypeptide and especially a protein or controlling the function of other genetic material

Examples of GENE

1. She inherited a good set of genes from her parents.

Origin of GENE

German Gen, short for Pangen, from pan- + -gen

First Known Use: 1911

Other Genetics Terms

chimera, hermaphrodite, plasticity

Rhymes with GENE

bean, clean, dean, Dean, Deane, dene, e'en, glean, green, jean, keen, lean, lien, mean, mesne, mien, peen, preen, quean, queen, scene, screen, sheen, shin, sin, spean, spleen, teen, tween, wean, ween, wheen, yean

gene

noun \ˈjēn\   (Medical Dictionary)

Medical Definition of GENE

: a specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that is located usually on a chromosome and that is the functional unit of inheritance controlling the transmission and expression of one or more traits by specifying the structure of a particular polypeptide and especially a protein or controlling the function of other genetic material—called also determinant, determiner, factor

gene

noun    (Concise Encyclopedia)

Unit of heredity that occupies a fixed position on a chromosome. Genes achieve their effects by directing protein synthesis. They are composed of DNA, except in some viruses that contain RNA instead. The sequence of nitrogenous bases along a strand of DNA determines the genetic code. When the product of a particular gene is needed, the portion of the DNA molecule that contains that gene splits, and a complementary strand of RNA, called messenger RNA (mRNA), forms and then passes to ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized. A second type of RNA, transfer RNA (tRNA), matches up the mRNA with specific amino acids, which combine in series to form polypeptide chains, the building blocks of proteins. Experiments have shown that many of the genes within a cell are inactive much or even all of the time, but they can be switched on and off. Mutations occur when the number or order of bases in a gene is disrupted. See also genetic engineering, genetics, Hardy-Weinberg law, Human Genome Project, linkage group.