reservoir

noun

res·​er·​voir ˈre-zə-ˌvwär  -zər-  -ˌvwȯr 

 also  -ˌvȯi

1

: a place where something is kept in store: such as

a

: an artificial lake where water is collected and kept in quantity for use

b

: a part of an apparatus in which a liquid is held

c

: supply, store

a large reservoir of educated people

2

: an extra supply : reserve

3

a

: a host organism in which an infectious agent (such as a bacterium or virus) that is pathogenic for some other species lives and multiplies typically without damaging the host

Note: A reservoir serves as a source from which transmission of infection and outbreaks of disease can occur.

It is the white-footed mouse that serves as a natural reservoir host for the spirochete B. [Borrelia] burgdorferi. These mice carry the spirochete without any apparent harm to themselves, and it is through feeding on infected mice that the immature stages of the tick acquire the spirochete.

—Suzanne Clothier et al.

also : a nonliving thing (such as soil or water) in which an infectious agent lives and multiplies and which serves as a source of infection similar to a host organism

b

: a part of the body that harbors an infectious agent and serves as a source of reinfection or infection transmission

… vulvar or rectal reservoirs, which might increase risk for BV [bacterial vaginosis] recurrence.

—Lisa E. Manhart et al.

compare carrier sense 5a, vector entry 1 sense 2a

Synonyms

• budget
• force
• fund
• inventory
• pool
• repertoire
• stock
• supply

Examples of reservoir in a Sentence

The pen has a large ink reservoir.

Colleges and universities provide reservoirs of talent for job recruiters.

She found the reservoirs of energy she needed to finish the job.

Recent Examples on the Web

The snowpack in the upper Colorado River Basin this year has been above average, and the snowmelt will give reservoir levels a boost for now. —Ian James, Los Angeles Times, 16 Apr. 2024

Water is being released at nearly 260 cubic feet per second to draw down the reservoir below the crack. —CBS News, 11 Apr. 2024

California reservoir levels stand at 116% of the average, according to the release. —Brianna Taylor, Sacramento Bee, 10 Apr. 2024

The store of snow sitting atop the Sierra Nevada, the state’s biggest mountain range, is by far the largest and most important reservoir in California. —Jill Cowan, New York Times, 2 Apr. 2024

Researchers have found that, in addition to housing vulnerable species, these virgin forest patches act as reservoirs, helping boost a community’s resilience to extreme flooding. —Pragathi Ravi, The Christian Science Monitor, 27 Mar. 2024

The underside of the house is, in fact, a giant reservoir with a filtration system. —Emma Reynolds, Robb Report, 27 Mar. 2024

Ultimately, the National Park Service will remove about 300 of 3,700 trees that line the banks of the Tidal Basin reservoir between the Thomas Jefferson and Franklin Delano Roosevelt memorials to shore up sea walls lining the reservoir and the west Potomac River. —Emily Hung, NBC News, 23 Mar. 2024

Both species of black bass are found all across the nation in lakes, ponds, canals, rivers, reservoirs, and other bodies of water, with the largemouth being the king of the bass fishing world. —Shaye Baker, Field & Stream, 3 Apr. 2024

Word History

Etymology

French réservoir, from Middle French, from reserver

First Known Use

1690, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Kids Definition

reservoir

noun

res·​er·​voir ˈrez-ə(r)v-ˌwär  -ə(r)v-ˌ(w)ȯr 

1

: a place where something is kept in store

especially : an artificial or natural lake where water is collected as a water supply

2

: an extra supply : reserve

3

: a living thing (as a fly or mouse) in which a parasite (as a bacterium) that is harmful to some other living thing lives and multiplies

Etymology

from French réservoir "place where something is kept in reserve," from reserver "to reserve, keep for future use"

Medical Definition

reservoir

noun

res·​er·​voir ˈrez-ə(r)v-ˌwär  -ə(r)v-ˌ(w)ȯr 

1

: a space (as an enlargement of a vessel or the cavity of a glandular acinus) in which a body fluid is stored

2

a

: a host organism in which an infectious agent (as a bacterium or virus) that is pathogenic for some other species lives and multiplies typically without damaging the host

Note: A reservoir serves as a source from which transmission of infection and outbreaks of disease can occur.

Wild rodents also constitute a reservoir of hantaviruses. The viruses are shed in urine, droppings, and saliva, and humans are mainly infected aerogenically by inhaling aerosols containing the virus.

—Hilde Kruse et al., Emerging Infectious Diseases

also : a nonliving thing (as soil or water) in which an infectious agent lives and multiplies and which serves as a source of infection similar to a host organism

b

: a part of the body that harbors an infectious agent and serves as a source of reinfection or infection transmission

… vulvar or rectal reservoirs, which might increase risk for BV [bacterial vaginosis] recurrence.

—Lisa E. Manhart et al., Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

carrier sense 1a, vector entry 1 sense 2