cytokine

noun

cy·​to·​kine ˈsī-tə-ˌkīn 

plural cytokines

: any of a class of immunoregulatory proteins (such as interleukin or interferon) that are secreted by cells especially of the immune system

Most cytokines are produced primarily in the presence of disease or immunization and contribute to immune responses, inflammation, and endothelial cell activation; others are involved in tissue repair.

—Charles A. Dinarello et al.

The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-2 determines the magnitude and duration of the T-cell response immediately after antigen encounter and assists in the maturation of macrophages and the proliferation of B cells and natural killer cells …

—Chiea C. Khor et al.

Examples of cytokine in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web

Research has found that CBD may prevent the activation of inflammatory cytokines, which cause breakouts. —Amber Smith, Discover Magazine, 3 Apr. 2024

Adverse events in childhood trigger the fight-flight-freeze response, releasing inflammatory cytokines and stress hormones. —Jennifer Chesak, Verywell Health, 14 Mar. 2024

Word History

Etymology

cyt- + -kine (as in lymphokine)

First Known Use

1974, in the meaning defined above

Phrases Containing cytokine

• cytokine release syndrome
• cytokine storm
• cytokine storm syndrome

Medical Definition

cytokine

noun

cy·​to·​kine ˈsīt-ə-ˌkīn 

: any of a class of immunoregulatory proteins (as interleukin, tumor necrosis factor, and interferon) that are secreted by cells especially of the immune system