judicial review

judicial review

noun

Definition of JUDICIAL REVIEW

1

:  review 5

2

:  a constitutional doctrine that gives to a court system the power to annul legislative or executive acts which the judges declare to be unconstitutional

First Known Use of JUDICIAL REVIEW

circa 1924

judicial review

noun    (Concise Encyclopedia)

Examination by a country's courts of the actions of the legislative, executive, and administrative branches of government to ensure that those actions conform to the provisions of the constitution. Actions that do not conform are unconstitutional and therefore null and void. The practice is usually considered to have begun with the ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States in Marbury v. Madison (1803). Several constitutions drafted in Europe and Asia after World War II incorporated judicial review. Especially subject to scrutiny in the U.S. have been actions bearing on civil rights (or civil liberty), due process of law, equal protection under the law, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and rights of privacy. See also checks and balances.