alopecia

noun

al·​o·​pe·​cia ˌa-lə-ˈpē-sh(ē-)ə How to pronounce alopecia (audio)
: loss of hair, wool, or feathers
alopecic adjective

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What is the origin of alopecia?

Doctors use "alopecia" to refer to various forms of hair loss, including "alopecia areata," a sudden loss of hair in patches that involves little or no inflammation. It may surprise you to learn that the word ultimately derives from "alōpēx," the Greek word for "fox," but the connection makes sense if you think of a fox who is afflicted with mange, a disease with symptoms that include, among other things, loss of hair. Middle English speakers borrowed the Latin word alopecia, which comes from "alōpekia," a Greek term that can be translated as "mange on foxes."

Examples of alopecia in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web The result has been an increase in side effects from Jasmine’s alopecia. Kelly Wynne, Peoplemag, 8 Apr. 2024 The line about the autoimmune disorder was, in fact, inspired by the infamous Oscars slap between Will Smith and Chris Rock, after Rock insulted Jada Pinkett-Smith’s alopecia. Jackie Strause, The Hollywood Reporter, 10 Mar. 2024 Reinhart did not say whether her alopecia was directly caused by her mental health issue, but the two are sometimes related. Elizabeth Logan, Glamour, 30 Jan. 2024 The drugs also made it on the radar of U.S. health agencies, motivating the Food and Drug Administration to list suicidal ideation, along with alopecia and aspiration, as serious risks when taking the ubiquitous diabetes and weight loss medications. Adrianna Rodriguez, USA TODAY, 5 Jan. 2024 Note: Some cases may cause widespread hair loss including total baldness (alopecia totalis) and loss of all body hair (alopecia universalis). Heather L. Brannon, Md, Verywell Health, 27 Jan. 2024 Early signs of alopecia typically begin with bumps on the scalp or hair loss at the beginning of the hairline. Celeste Polanco, Essence, 18 Jan. 2024 Doctors have also noted the higher number of patients who reported alopecia in Eli Lilly's trials of tirzepatide for obesity. Alexander Tin, CBS News, 3 Jan. 2024 Together with her sister, Pamela Shaddock, who has traction alopecia, the duo founded Coils to Locs, which provides highly textured wigs through cancer centers, hospitals, and medical hair loss salons. Nafeesah Allen, Health, 11 Mar. 2024

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'alopecia.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Etymology

Middle English allopicia, allopucia "hair loss," borrowed from Medieval Latin allōpicia, allōpitia "baldness, mange," going back to Latin alōpecia "bald patch on the head (from a skin disease)," borrowed from Greek alōpekía "bald spot" (Aristotle), "disease causing hair loss" (Galen), original sense perhaps "sarcoptic mange (affecting foxes and other canids)," from alōpek-, alṓpēx "fox" + -ia -ia entry 1; alṓpēx probably going back to dialectal Indo-European *h2lōpeḱ-/*h2lōpēḱ- "small canid, fox" (whence, besides Greek, Armenian ałuēs "fox") and *h2leupēḱ- or *h2loupēḱ- (whence Sanskrit lopāśáḥ "small canid [as a jackal or fox]," Middle Persian rōpās, rōpāh "fox," Khotanese rrūvāsa- "jackal," Ossetic (Iron dialect) rubas, ruvas "fox")

Note: An initial element *(h2)lop-, close to the Greek, Armenian, and Indo-Iranian forms but with a short o, is apparently reflected in Celtic *lop-erno-, whence Old Welsh leuyrn, leuirn "foxes" (from *lou̯ern-ī with vowel affection; cf. Modern Welsh llewyrn, tân llewyrn "foxfire"), Breton louarn "fox," and Lithuanian lãpė "fox," Latvian lapsa. The long o in alṓpēx could perhaps be taken as a reflection of an original nominative *h2lōp-s, but the diphthong in the Indo-Iranian etymon remains unexplained. The element *(h2)lop- has been compared with *u̯l̥p- "small carnivore" proposed as the source of Latin vulpēs, volpēs "fox" (see vulpine), Lithuanian vilpišỹs "wildcat" and other words, but no unifying etymon can be readily reconstructed. If related, the set of "fox" forms are perhaps traces of a non-Indo-European Wanderwort acquired by Indo-European branches at different times and places.

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of alopecia was in the 14th century

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Cite this Entry

“Alopecia.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/alopecia. Accessed 18 Apr. 2024.

Medical Definition

alopecia

noun
al·​o·​pe·​cia ˌal-ə-ˈpē-sh(ē-)ə How to pronounce alopecia (audio)
: partial or complete loss of hair, wool, or feathers : baldness
alopecic adjective

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